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From: ralf@chpc.org (Ralph Valentino)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware.video,comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware.comm,comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware.storage,comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware.cd-rom,comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware.systems,comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware.networking,comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware.chips,comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware.misc,comp.answers,news.answers
Subject: comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware.* Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) Part 3/5
Date: 12 Jul 1994 00:48:41 -0400
Organization: Center For High Performance Computing
Sender: ralf@chpc.chpc.org
Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.EDU
Expires: 11 Aug 1994 00:00:00 GMT
Message-ID: <2vt7b9$jf9@chpc.chpc.org>
Reply-To: ralf@wpi.edu
Summary: This is a monthly posting containing a list of Frequently
Asked Questions (and their answers) pertaining to hardware
and IBM PC clones. It should be read by anyone who wishes
to post to any group in the comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware.*
hierarchy.
Archive-name: pc-hardware-faq/part3
Last-modified: 1994/07/10
Version: 1.6
Q) 4.11 What is the CMOS/jumper setting for my hard drive?
[From: Carsten Grammes (cagr@rz.uni-sb.de)]
Configuration of IDE Harddisks
==============================
last update: 24 March 1994
collected by Carsten Grammes (cagr@rz.uni-sb.de)
and published on comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware as part of the FAQ.
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
There is explicitly NO WARRANTY that the given settings are correct or
harmless. (I only collect, I do not check for myself!!!). There is
always the possibility that the settings may destroy your hardware!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Since I hope however that only well-minded people undergo the effort of
posting their settings the chance of applicability exists. If you should
agree or disagree with some setting, let me know immediately in order
to update the list.
If you possess a HD not mentioned here of which you know BIOS and/or
jumper settings, please mail them to me for the next update of the list!
Only IDE (AT-Bus) Harddisks will be accounted for. If not specified the
Landing Zone should be set equal to the number of cylinders. If not
specified the 'Write Precompensation' should be set 65535. (There are
BIOSes that don't even ask for it). On most IDE disks these values are
dummies, relicts from old MFM times.
The capacity given here is sometimes in Megabytes (1000000 bytes) and
sometimes in MB (1048576 bytes). Don't worry! The only right way to calculate
the capacity is
cyl * heads * sec/tr * 512
which gives the capacity in bytes! Dividing by 1000000 or 1048576 gives
the capacity in Megabytes or MB respectively.
If you get problems when installing 2 HD's with correct BIOS and jumper
settings, try to swap drive 1 and 2, often that helps.
Please don't flame me because of the 'layout' of the list. Since the
available information is so strongly varying I often only pack _YOUR_
mail to me into the list. If someone feels encouraged to improve this,
I would be glad to receive a 'lifted' version. But there should be all
info contained!
Since the list is rather long, I give here a summary of all drives
described therein.
************* ALPS Alps alps
DR311C
************* CDC Cdc cdc
BJ7D5A 94155-48 94335-100 94166-141 94171-300 736 SABRE
BJ7D5A 94295-51 94355-55 94166-182 94171-344 850 SABRE
BJ7D5A 94155-57 94355-100 94186-383 94181-574 1230 SABRE
94155-21 94155-67 94155-135 94186-383H 94208-51
94155-25 94155-77 94205-77 94186-442 94211-91
94155-28 94155-85 94355-150 94216-106 94221-190
94155-36 94155-86 94335-150 94356-200 94351-172
94155-38 94205-51 94156-48 94161-86 368 SABRE
94335-55 94156-67 94166-101 94161-121 500 SABRE
************* CONNER Conner conner
CP342 CP2034 CP2084 CP3044 CP3104 CP3204 CP30084
CP344 CP2044 CP3000 CP2124 CP3111 CP3204F CP30104
CP2024 CP2064 CP3024 CP3184 CP3114 CP30064 CP30084E
CP30174E CP30174E CP3304 CP3544
CP30204 CP30204 CP3364 CP3554
CP30254 CP30254 CP3504 CP30101
************* FUJITSU Fujitsu fujitsu
M2611T M2612ET M2613ET M2614ET M2618T M2622T M2623T M2624T
************* HEWLETT PACKARD Hewlett Packard hewlett packard HP Hp hp
C2233
************* IBM Ibm ibm
WDA-L160 WDA-L42 IBM 85 MB IDE (number not known)
************* JVC Jvc jvc
JD-E2085M
************* KALOK Kalok kalok
KL3100 KL3120
************* MAXTOR Maxtor maxtor
LXT-200A 2585A 7120A
LXT-213A 7040A 7131AT
LXT-340A 7060A 7213A
LXT437A 7080A 7245A
LXT535A
************* MICROPOLIS Micropolis micropolis
2105A 2112A
************* MICROSCIENCE Microscience microscience
7100-00 8040-00 7070-20 7100-00 7100-20 8040
************* MINISCRIBE Miniscribe miniscribe
8225AT 8051AT 8450AT
************* NEC Nec nec
D3735 D3755 D3756 D3741
************* QUANTUM Quantum quantum
40AT LPS52AT ELS42AT
80AT LPS80AT ELS85AT
120AT LPS105AT ELS127AT
170AT LPS120AT ELS170AT
210AT LPS170AT LPS540A
425AT LPS240AT
************* RODIME Rodime rodime
RO3058A RO3088A RO3095A RO3128A RO3135A RO3059A RO3089A
RO3129A RO3139A RO3209A RO3259A
************* SAMSUNG Samsung samsung
SHD-3101A SHD-3061A SHD-3062A
************* SEAGATE Seagate seagate
ST1057a ST1144a ST138a ST274a ST3283a
ST1090a ST1156a ST1400a ST280a ST351ax
ST1102a ST1162a ST1401a ST3051a ST9051a
ST1111a ST1186a ST1480a ST3096a ST9077a
ST1126a ST1201a ST157a ST3120a ST9096a
ST1133a ST1239a ST2274a ST3144a ST9144a
ST3243A ST125a ST2383a ST325ax
ST351AX
ST9235A (maybe others)
************* TEAC Teac teac
SD-3105
************* TOSHIBA Toshiba toshiba
MK1122FC MK2024FC MK2124FC MK2224FC MK234FCH MK234FCF
************* WESTERN DIGITAL Western Digital western digital
WDAC140 WDAC280 WDAC1170 WDAC2120 WDAC2170 WDAC2200 WDAC2250
WDAC2340 WDAC2420 WD93044-A WDAH260 WDAH280 WDAP4200
WD93048A
And here it comes...
************* ALPS Alps alps *************
Manufacturer: ALPS ELECTRIC Co.
BIOS settings:
Model Heads Cylinders Sectors L-Zone Size
DR311C 14 868 17 868 105 MB
(Real geometry of drive:
2108 cyl. 2 heads 49 sectors/track
32k internal cache)
Jumpers:
C/D
-ACT
-DSP
-HSP
MS3
SYNC
DC
MS0
MS1
MS2
Master drive & no slaves present: jumpers on C/D and -ACT.
No other jumpers installed, function unknown.
*************************** C D C ***********************************
I have the feeling that not all of these are IDE...
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MODEL ST-506 CAP CYL H RWC WPC ENC RATE ACCESS SPT COMMENTS
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BJ7D5A 77731614 5.25FH 23 670 4 375 375 M 5 17
BJ7D5A 77731608 5.25FH 29 670 5 375 375 M 5 17
BJ7D5A 77731613 733 5 - - 5 17
94155-21 WREN-1 5.25FH 21 697 3 698 698 M 5 28 MS 17
94155-25 24 697 4 698 128 M 5 17
94155-28 24 697 4 698 128 M 5 17
94155-36 WREN-1 5.25FH 36 697 5 698 698 M 5 28 MS 17
94155-38 31 733 5 734 128 M 5 17
94155-48 WREN-2 5.25FH 40 925 5 926 926 M 5 28 MS 17
94295-51 WREN-2 5.25FH 43 989 5 990 990 M 5 28 MS 17
94155-57 WREN-2 5.25FH 48 925 6 926 926 M 5 28 MS 17
94155-67 WREN-2 5.25FH 56 925 7 926 926 M 5 28 MS 17
94155-77 WREN-2 64 925 8 926 926 M 5 17
94155-85 WREN-2 5.25FH 71 1024 8 - - M 5 28 MS 17
94155-86 WREN-2 5.25FH 72 925 9 926 926 M 5 28 MS 17
94205-51 5.25HH 43 989 5 990 128 M 5 32 MS 17
94335-55 3.5" 46 - 5 - - M 5 25 MS 17
94335-100 3.5" 83 - 9 - - M 5 25 MS 17
94355-55 SWIFT-2 3.5" 46 - 5 - - M 5 16.5 MS 17
94355-100 3.5" 83 - 9 - - M 5 16.5 MS 17
ST-506 RLL
94155-135 WREN-2 5.25HH 115 960 9 - - R 7.5 28 MS 26
94205-77 WREN-2 5.25HH 63 989 5 - - R 7.5 28 MS 26
94355-150 3.5" 128 - 9 - - R 7.5 16.5 MS 26
94335-150 3.5" 128 - 9 - - R 7.5 25 MS 26
ESDI
94156-48 WREN-2 40 925 5 926 926 N 5 28 MS
94156-67 WREN-2 56 925 7 926 926 N 5
94156-86 WREN-2 72 925 9 926 926 N 5
94166-101 WREN-3 5.25FH 86 969 5 970 970 N 10 16.5 MS
94166-141 WREN-3 5.25FH 121 969 7 970 970 N 10 16.5 MS
94166-182 WREN-3 5.25FH 155 969 9 970 970 N 10 16.5 MS
94186-383 WREN V 5.25FH 383 1412 13 - - R/N 10 8.3 MS
94186-383H WREN V 5.25FH 383 1224 15 - - R/N 10 14.5 MS
94186-442 WREN V 5.25FH 442 1412 15 - - R/N 10 16 MS
94216-106 WREN-3 5.25FH 91 969 - - - N 10 16.5 MS
94356-200 SWIFT 3 3.5" 172 - 9 - - R/N 10 16.5 MS
WREN III 5.25HH 106 969 5 - - R/N 10 18 MS
SCSI
94161-86 WREN-3 5.25FH 86 969 - - - 16.5 MS
94161-121 WREN-3 5.25FH 121 969 - - - 16.5 MS
94171-300 WREN-4 5.25FH 300 1365 9 - - R 16.5 MS
94171-344 WREN V 5.25FH 344 1549 9 - - Z 9-15 17.5 MS
94181-574 WREN V 5.25FH 574 1549 15 - - Z 9-15 16 MS
94208-51
94211-91 WREN-3 5.25FH 91 969 - - - 16.5 MS
94221-190 WREN V 5.25HH 190 1547 5 - - R 10-15 8.3 MS
94351-172 SWIFT 4 3.5" 172 - 9 - - 10 16.5MS
WREN III 5.25HH 106 969 5 - - R/N 10 18 MS
SMD
368 SABRE 8" 368 - 10 - - 1.8 18 MS
500 SABRE 8" 500 - 10 - - 2.4 18 MS
736 SABRE 8" 741 - 15 - - 1.8 16 MS
850 SABRE 8" 851 - 15 - - 2.4 16 MS
1230 SABRE 8" 1236 1635 15 - - 2.4
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CAP = CAPACITY IN FORMATTED MEGABYTES
CYL = MAXIMUM NUMBER OF CYLINDER
H = NUMBER OF DATA HEADS
RWC = START REDUCED WRITE CURRENT
WPC = START WRITE PRECOMP
ENC = ENCODING METHOD R=RLL, M=MFM,Z=ZBR
RATE = TRANSFER RATE IN MEGABITS/SEC
ACCESS= AVERAGE ACCESS TIME
SPT = SECTORS/TRACK X 512 bytes
FH = FULL HIGH FORM FACTOR
HH = HALF HIGH FORM FACTOR
R = RLL (run length limited)
N = NRZ (non return to zero)
M = MFM (modified frequency modulation)
SA = STAND ALONE
Z = ZBR
Jumpers are not know (yet).
************************** CONNER Conner conner **************************
Conner drives are low level formatted at the factory. It is only necessary to r
un SETUP, FDISK and DOS FORMAT.
Model Hds Cyls Sec Pcomp L-Zone Type Table LED
CP342 4 805 26 0 805 17 n/a A
CP344 4 805 26 0 805 17 1 A
CP2024 2 653 32 0 653 2 3 n/a
CP2034 2 823 38 0 823 *UT 3 n/a
CP2044 4 552 38 0 552 17 3 n/a
CP2064 4 823 38 0 823 *UT 3 n/a
CP2084 8 548 38 0 548 *UT 3 n/a
CP3000 2 1047 40 0 1047 17 1 A
CP3024 2 636 33 0 636 2 1 A
CP3044 1 1047 40 0 1047 17 1 A
5 980 17 (also reported)
CP2124 8 560 53 0 560 *UT 3 n/a
CP3184 6 832 33 0 832 *UT 1 A
CP3104 8 776 33 0 776 *UT 1 A
CP3111 8 833 33 0 833 *UT 1 A(?)
CP3114 8 832 33 0 832 *UT 1 A
CP3204 16 683 38 0 683 *UT 2 B
CP3204F 16 683 38 0 683 *UT 3 B
CP30064 4 762 39 0 762 *UT 2 B
CP30084 8 526 39 0 526 *UT 2 B
CP30104 8 762 39 0 762 *UT 2 B
CP30084E 4 903 46 0 903 *UT 4 C
CP30174E 8 903 46 0 903 *UT 4 C
CP30204 16 683 38 0 683 *UT 4 C
CP30254 see below
CP3304 16 659 63 0 659 *UT 4 D
CP3364 16 702 63 0 702 *UT 4 C
CP3504 16 987 63 0 987 *UT 4 D
CP3544 16 1024 63 0 1024 *UT 4 C
CP3554 16 1054 63 0 1054 *UT 3 B
Table 1 jumper settings:
Single drive = Jumper ACT and C/D
Master drive = Jumper ACT, C/D and DSP.
Slave drive = No jumpers installed.
Table 2 jumper settings:
Single drive = Jumper E2
Master drive = Jumper E1 & E2
Slave drive = No jumpers installed.
Table 3 jumper settings:
Single Drive = Jumper C/D
Master Drive = Jumper C/D and DSP
Slave Drive = No jumpers installed
Table 4 jumper settings:
Single and Master drive = Jumper C/D
Slave drive = no jumper
ALL CONNER 20 MBYTE DRIVES USE DRIVE TYPE 2. ALL CONNER 40 MBYTE DRIVES USE DRI
VE TYPE 17. *
UT = Universal translate. Select a drive type that is close to, but does not ex
ceed the megabyte capacity of the drive. The drive will translate to the megaby
te capacity you have selected.
LED
A: J-4 B: J-1 C: J-5 D: J-3
Pin 1 = + Pin 3 = + Pin 3 = + Pin 3 = +
Pin 2 = - Pin 4 = - Pin 4 = - Pin 4 = -
Conner drives are low level formatted at the factory. It is only necessary
to run SETUP, FDISK, and DOS FORMAT.
Comment concerning CP3000 jumpers:
According to your list, all Conners should be 2 or 3 jumpers only.
That's why I'm puzzled with the 4-jumper Conner CP-3000.
In addition to the common jumpers present in
Conner - C/D, DSP & ACT, there is an extra one: HSP
By trial and error, HSP seems to follow DSP setting.
> When I installed a Conner CP3204F (203 MB) as master and a WD Caviar 2200
> (203 MB) as slave, both with and without the "CP" jumper, the Caviar had
> seemingly normal behaviour. However, when doing writes to the Caviar, once
> in a while it would overwrite directories etc. Using FASTBACK was almost
> impossible.
>
> The workaround is to install the Caviar as the master, and the Conner
> as the slave.
and:
information: I am slaving a Conner CP3000 40Meg to a Western Digital
Caviar 2200 212 Meg.
the results: I first found out that pin 1 on the CP3000 was LABELED
INCORRECTLY on the PC board....had to flip the IDE cable (which made the
cable install much more cleanly- no flips....shoulda been my first clue
that something was not correct, oh well)
next: I had to DOS-format the CP3000 ALONE on the PC system before it
wanted to work with the WD caviar.... weird
also: the WD Caviar is partitioned: C:\ was the first 100 Meg and D:\ was
the second 100 Meg. After the CMOS was correctly configured and the
drives brought online, the PC AUTOMATICALLY assigned the drives as thus:
C:\ first 100 Meg partition on the WD
D:\ 40 Meg Conner
E:\ second 100 Meg partition on the WD
even FDISK reports the above.
Conner CP 30254
Capacity: 250 MB
Dimensions: 3,5 inch, lowprofile (1 inch)
IDE interface
Cylinders Heads Sectors
Physical specs.: 1985 4 62
Logical specs.: 895 10 55
seek time 12 ms
Rotation speed 4542 rpm
jumpers C/D
1 drive master Y
2 drive master Y
2 drive slave N/Y
----
Subject: Re: Conner CP 30254
I tried several combination and even called Conner for info on
configuring two Conner drives as master (301??, a 300+ M Connder
drive) and slave (30254). The jumpers that worked are:
Pins Jumpers
Master 1-2 Y (factory setting)
3-4 Y (factory setting)
Slave 1-2 N
3-4 Y (factory setting)
So the C/D should mape to Y/N instead of N/Y in the table.
--
Some notes made whilst configuring a pair of Conner IDE drives
for Master/Slave operation from Hyundai Super-LT6 Laptop 386sx-20.
Final Working Configuration
Drive 1: CP3000 40 Mb Type 17
977 cyl 5 hds 17 sec/trk Pre 300 LZ 977
Verified configuration as per Grammes' list. HSP does need to
follow DSP (empirically) - failure to do so produced behaviour
such as LCD screen display scrambling on ROM boot.
Single, Master and Slave configurations all checked out.
Drive 2: CFA170A 170 Mb Unknown type
332 cyl 16 hds 63 sec/trk Pre --- LZ ---
Did not appear on Grammes' list. Successful configuration resulted
close to that shown as Table 3 for Conner drives, as follows:
Single 2 links (not C)/D and (not A)/(?)
Master 1 link (not C)/D
Slave 0 links
One link is listed here as (not A)/(?) due to a hole being drilled
through the (?) part of the silk screening ...
The drives worked together as either slave or master ...
--
Connor CP30101
760 cyl, 8 hds, Precomp -1, Landing 760, Sec/Track 39, ECC 7 Capacity 121.41M
Model CP342 disk (40 Meg IDE drive)
Single Drive: E5, E7 jumpers IN
Master Drive: E6, E7 jumpers IN
Slave Drive: E7 jumper IN
In addition, this is an old disk drive. It was factory configured to
use 3:1 interleave. This can cause timing problems with newer disk
drives that are configured for 1:1 interleave when using the same IDE
controller. The CONNER tech support person suggested I only use the
CONNER drive as a SLAVE with the newer disk as the MASTER.
This configuration (MAXTOR 7345A as MASTER and CONNER CP342 as SLAVE)
has now been in use for over a week and seems to be working fine.
************************ FUJITSU Fujitsu fujitsu ***************************
DETAILS OF FUJITSU DRIVES M261xT (Standard)
M2614ET M2613ET M2612ET M2611T
Heads (physical) 8 6 4 2
Cyl (physical) 1334 1334 1334 1334
Sec/trk 33 33 33 33
Speed (rpm) 3490 3490 3490 3490
Capacity 180MB 135MB 90MB 45MB
+-----------------------------------------------+
| |
+--+ |
PSU | | CNH-2 |
+--+ 1 |
1 | | . LED |
| | CNH-1 9 CNH-3 Connector |
| | 1 6..1 o o |
40-way | | . | | |
IDE | | . |
| | . |
| | 12 |
+--+ |
+-----------------------------------------------+
Pin Function
Position
* 1- 2 Active mode
2- 3 Slave present mode
4- 5 Pin 27=IOCHRDY
CNH-1 JUMPERS * 5- 6 Pin 27=RESERVED
7- 8 2 drive system
* 8- 9 1 drive system
10-11 Pin 29=IRQ14 : Pin 31=RESERVED
* 11-12 Pin 31=IRQ14 : Pin 29=RESERVED
Pin Function
Position
1- 2 SLAVE drive mode
CNH-2 JUMPERS * 4- 5 MASTER drive mode
7- 8 ECC 4 bytes
* 8- 9 ECC 7 bytes
Pin Function
Position
1- 2 Write protect enabled
CNH-3 JUMPERS * 2- 3 Write protect disabled
4- 5 -6 Reserved
Key: * (I guess!) marks factory default setting for jumper
BIOS SETTINGS
BIOS setting for the M2614ET in my system is 667 cylinders, 33 sectors
and 16 heads.
> I was trying to set my IDE drive in the subject above to a slave drive for
> A Conner 170MB drive and contacting the support company gave me this answer (which works). The factory default on SW2 is On Off Off Off Off Off (1-6). This sets the drive to be a single drive. Setting SW2 to Off On On Off Off Off makes it a slave drive. SW1 has been set to On Off Off On (1-4) all along.
MODEL CYLINDERS HEADS SECTORS CAPACITY (Million bytes)
M2622T 1013 10 63 326.75
M2623T 1002 13 63 420.16
M2624T 995 16 63 513.51
There are 6 switches on the switch block on these drives. Only 4 of
them have a use that I am aware of (from my M2624T manual):
Master/Slave Master (*) SW1-5 OFF
Slave SW1-5 ON
ECC bytes 4 bytes (*) SW1-4 OFF
7 bytes SW1-4 ON
Write Protect Disabled (*) SW1-3 OFF
Enabled SW1-3 ON
IO Channel Ready Disabled (*) SW1-1 OFF
Enabled SW1-1 ON
I have no idea about the function of SW1-2 and SW1-6. The values
listed with a (*) are the factory default settings.
M2618T 202MB Cyl/hd/spt 718 12 48
********************* Hewlett Packard ****************************
HEWLETT PACKARD Hewlett Packard hewlett packard HP Hp hp
C2233 227 MB Cyl/hd/spt 733 12 53
********************* IBM Ibm ibm ****************************
WDA-L160 163 MB Cyl/hd/spt 984 10 34
WDA-L42 42MB Cyl/hd/spt 977 5 17
Jumpers for IBM WDA-L160:
Fit JP2 for Master or single drive
Remove JP2 and fit JP3 for Slave
JP1 appears to be always fitted.
Functions of other jumpers unknown at present.
Position of jumpers:
-----------------------------------------
| Drive Mechanism |
| |
-----------------------------------------
PCB . . . .
. . . .
JP 4 3 2 1
Also:
IBM 85 M IDE (number not known)
10 Heads 984 Cylinders 17 Sectors 0 WPC 984 LZ
Patches as for L160 above
********************* JVC Jvc jvc ****************************
JD-E2085M 79 MB Cyl/hd/spt 973 4 43
*********************** KALOK Kalok kalok ***************************
KALOK KL3100 105 MB
BIOS: cyl 979 heads 6 sectors 35
KALOK KL3120 120 MB
BIOS: Cyl 981 heads 6 sectors 40
The following jumper settings have been reported for KL3100 but are probably
also valid for other Kalok drives.
Single HD:
o o o o o
o o o o-o <-- same row as pin 1 of the IDE connector.
Master (disk 1):
o o o o o
|
o o o o o
Slave:
o o o o o
|
o o o o o
These 5 pairs of pins are at the righthand side of the disk.
************************ MAXTOR Maxtor maxtor ***************************
Model Cyls Heads Sectors Precomp Landing Zone
---------- ----- ----- ------- ------- ------------
LXT-200A 816 15 32 0 816
LXT-213A 683 16 38 0 683
LXT-340A 654 16 63 0 654
LXT437A 842 16 63 0 842
LXT535A 1036 16 63 0 1024
Jumpers are as follows:
The bottom of the drive looks like this (well, sort of):
| o o 1-2 |
| o o 3-4 |
| o o 5-6 |
| o o 7-8 |
| o o 9-10 |
| |
+[POWER] [IDE CONNECTOR]-----+
Single drive Dual Drive System
Pin numbers Jumper System Master Slave
----------- ------ ------------ ------ -----
1-2 Slave Drive remove remove install
3-4 Activity LED optional optional optional
5-6 Slave Present remove remove optional
7-8 Master Drive remove install remove
9-10 Sync Spindle remove (n/a) optional* remove
* only one drive (the master) in an array should have this jumper installed.
Hd Cyl spt
Maxtor 2585A 10 981 17
Maxtor 7060A 16 467 17 62,0 J14 closed, J13 closed
Maxtor 7060A 7 1024 17 59,5 J14 open, J13 open
Maxtor 7060A 4 762 39 58,0 J14 closed, J13 open
Maxtor 7060A 8 925 17 57,9 J14 open, J13 closed
Maxtor 7120A 16 936 17 124,3 J14 closed, J13 closed
Maxtor 7120A 14 1024 17 119,0 j14 open, J13 open
Maxtor 7120A 8 762 39 116,0 J14 closed, J13 open
Maxtor 7120A 15 900 17 112,0 J14 open, J13 closed
Maxtor 7120A 8 824 33 106,2 J14
Jumpers for the above 2 drives:
J11 I/O-channel ready ( open: disabled; close: enabled )
J13 see above
J14 see above
J15 operation-status ( open: normal; close: factory )
J J J J J
2 1 1 1 1
0 9 8 7 6
Power data-cable
J16: Idle mode latch ( open: disabled; close: enabled )
J17: drive model ( open: 7060A; close 7120A )
J18: ECC Bytes ( open: 7 bytes; close: 4 bytes )
Master/Slave: drive is master and alone : J20 closed, J19 closed
drive is master of two drives: J20 closed, J19 open
drive is slave of two drives : J20 open , J19 closed
Maxtor 7213A
Default (power-up) AT BIOS Translation Parameters (others possible)
Cyl Hds SpT MBytes
683 16 38 212
There are two sets of jumpers. A set of 5 and a set of
4. With the power and IDE connector toward you, the set of 5 is
numbered (left to right) J16 - J20 , and the set of 4 is numbered
(bottom to top) J22-J25.
The only jumper of normal interest is J20. Jumper it for only
drive in a single drive system, or master drive in a dual drive
system.
Remove the jumper J20 for slave drive in a dual drive system.
J19 is a dummy and may be used to store the spare shunt if the
drive is configured for a slave mode.
Jumpers J17, J18, J24, J25 are factory reserved. Abnormal operation
may occur if jumpered.
Jumper 22 is sync spindle enabled/disabled (open=disabled)
Jumper 23 is sync slave/master (open=slave)
Jumper 16 is I/O Channel Ready (open=disabled)
Maxtor 7245A (245Mb IDE; self-parking; Universal Translate):
Drive type : User defineable
Cyl Hds WPC LZ S/T
967 16 0 0 31 (WPC and LZ optional)
Master(2): J20 closed
Slave(2): J20 open (use J19 for shunt storage)
Single: J20 closed
Basic Specifications
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Formated Data Sect. Average
Model Capacity Cylinders Heads Disks Track Cache Seek Time
7080A 82.2 MB 1.170 4 2 36 32k 17ms
7040A 41.1 MB 1.170 2 1 36 32k 17ms
AT BIOS Translation Parameters
---------------------------------+---------------------------------
Model Cyls Heads Spt MB | Model Cyls Heads Spt MB
7080A 1039 9 18 82.1 | 7040A 524 4 40 40.9
981 10 17 81.4 | 981 4 17 40.7
832 6 33 80.4 | 977 5 17 40.5
497 10 33 80.0 |
1024 9 17 76.5 |
Technical Notes:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
* The WPC and Landing Zone BIOS entieres do not need a specific number
for proper operation. Maxtor AT interface hard drives will ignore and
override any numbers programmed.
* Drive is low-level formated with 1:1 interleave at factory, with any
defects retired to a dedicated non-destructive zone.
* The drive's on-board controller will auto-translate every cylinder,
head, and SPT combination listed in the parameters table. Therefore,
configuration jumpers J13 and J14 are not required for most AT BIOS
setup applications.
* The 7080A is shipped with J17-J20 jumered and the 7040A is shipped
with J18-J20 jumpered to operate as single AT IDE drives. J20 and J19
control master/slave operation.
7080A / 7040A Jumper Designation
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Jumper | 21111 1111 | J3 1 +12V DC J7 1 +5V
Position | 09876 5431 | 2 +12V Ground 2 +12V
| | 3 +5V Ground 3 Ground
Pins +[4321]--[1 ]--[321]+ 4 +5V DC
J3 Power Data Cable J7 Power
J20 J19 Master/Slave Select (*) Single Drive closed, closed
Master (Dual) closed, open
Slave (Dual) open, closed
J18 ECC Bytes (*) closed 4 Bytes / open 7 Bytes
J17 Drive Model open 7040A / closed 7080A
J16 Idle Mode Latch (*) open disabled / closed enabled
J15 Reserved for Factory (*) open normal / closed factory
J11 I/O Channel Ready (*) open disabled / closed enabled
J14 J13 Default Configuration at Power Up
Cyls Heads SpT MB J14 J13 (J17)
40MB (*) 981 5 17 40.7 open open open
524 4 40 40.9 open closed open
80MB (*) 981 10 17 81.4 open open closed
832 6 33 80.4 open closed closed
1024 9 17 76.5 closed open closed
(60MB) 762 4 39 58.0 closed closed closed
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(*) = Default Note: A spare jumper is supplied across J13 and J14.
>I have a 7131AT maxtor in my machine and setup info as follows:
>
> 1002 cylinders
> 8 heads
> 32 sectors
> 0 precomp
> 1002 LZ
>
********************* MICROPOLIS Micropolis micropolis ***********************
Drive 2105A 2112A
----------------------------------------
Unformatted MB 647 1220
Formatted MB 560 1050
Platters 5 8
Heads 8 15
Cylinders 1760 1760
----------------------------------------
Performance (both):
Track to track (read) 1.5 msec
Track to track (write) 2.5 msec
Average 10 msec
Max 25 msec
Avg Rotational Latency 5.56 msec
Rotational speed 5400 rpm (+/- 5%)
Data Transfer Rate upto 5Mbytes/sec
Internal data rate 24-40 Mbits/sec
BIOS Settings:
2105A 1084 cyl 16 heads 63 sectors
2112A* master 1024 cyl 16 heads 63 sectors
slave 1010 cyl 16 heads 63 sectors
* the 2112A emulates both master and slave
Jumpers (labelled J6 on the drive)
----
|oo| W1\ only these 2 are used
|oo| W2/
|oo|
|oo|
|oo|
----
W2 W1
-- --
in in 2112A only - drive emulates both master + slave
in out Drive is master, slave is present
out in Drive is slave
out out Drive is master, no slave present (ie single drive)
***************** MICROSCIENCE Microscience microscience *****************
MicroScience
Model: 7100-00
Heads: 7
Cylinders: 855
S/T: 35 (?)
Size: 105M
Model # 8040-00.
Size 40M 5hd/17sec/977cyl
Model # cyls # heads spt lz precomp cap (formatted)
7070-20 960 5 35 960 960 86 MB
7100-00 855 7 35 855 855 107 MB
7100-20 960 7 35 960 960 120 MB
8040 1024 2 40 1024 1024 41 MB
(NOTE: I have no jumper information on the model 8040)
On the 7xxx series the jumper pins are bent parallel to the board. When
they are pointing toward you #1 is on the left, there are 8 altogether.
single drive all open
master drive 1-2 shorted
slave drive 7-8 shorted
*************** MINISCRIBE Miniscribe miniscribe ************************
Miniscribe
MODEL AT CAP CYC H RWC WPC ENC RATE ACCESS SPT COMMENTS
8225AT 3.5" 21 745 2 - - 8 28 MS 28
8051AT 3.5" 42 745 4 - - 8 28 MS 28
8450AT 3.5" 42 745 4 - - 8 40 MS 28
Master(2): 5-6
Slave(2): 1-2
Single: 1-3 (shunt storage)
*************************** NEC Nec nec *********************************
NEC D3735, 40 MB
BIOS: Cyl 537 Head 4 sect 41
NEC D3755, 105 MB
BIOS: Cyl 625 Head 8 sect 41
NEC D3756, 105 MB
BIOS: Cyl 1005 Head 12 sect 17
NEC D3741, 44 MB
BIOS: Cyl 423 Head 8 sect 26 WPcom 0 LZone 424
Jumper JP12 JP13 (for all above NEC drives)
Single 0 0
Master 1 0
Slave 1 1
There have been reported difficulties in using WD Caviar as Master and
NEC drives as slave - the other way it works.
************************ QUANTUM Quantum quantum *************************
Logical Specs for Quantum AT Drives
COMPLIMENTS OF COMPUTER BROKERS OF CANADA
Model Cap Avg Acc Cylinders Heads Sectors/Track
(MB) (ms)
40AT 42 19 965 5 17
80AT 84 19 965 10 17
120AT 120 15 814 9 32
170AT 168 15 968 10 34
210AT 209 15 873 13 36
425AT 426 14 1021 16 51
LPS 52AT 52 17 751 8 17
LPS 80AT 83 17 611 16 17
LPS 105AT 105 17 755 16 17
LPS 120AT 122 16 901 5 53
LPS 170AT 160 15 968 10 34
LPS 240AT 245 16 723 13 51
LPS 540A see below
=================================================
Legend: 1=Jumper Installed 0=No Jumper
=================================================
40 & 80 AT Jumpers
DS SS Meaning
1 0 Single drive configuration
1 1 Master of dual drive
0 0 Slave of dual drive
0 1 Self-Seek Test
=======================================================
120, 170, 210 & 425 AT Jumpers
DS SP SS Meaning
0 0 0 Slave when the Master is Quantum PRODRIVE other than 40/80A
0 0 1 Slave in PRODRIVE 40/80A mode
0 1 0 Slave when Master is non Quantum Drive
0 1 1 Not Used
1 0 1 Master drive PDIAG mode checking DASP for slave
1 1 0 Master in PDIAG mode using SP to check if slave present
1 1 1 Master in 40/80A mode using SP to check if slave present
1 0 0 Single drive
=======================================================
LPS 52, 80, 105, 120, 170 & 240 AT Jumpers
DS SP DM* Meaning
0 0 0 Slave in standard PDIAG mode for compatibility with drives that use
PDIAG-line to handle Master/Slave communications
0 0 1 Slave in PRODRIVE 40/80A mode compat. without using PDIAG line
0 1 0 Self Test
0 1 1 Self Test
1 0 0 Master in PDIAG mode using DASP to check for Slave
1 0 1 Master in 40/80A Mode using DASP to check for Slave
1 1 0 Master in PDIAG mode using SP to check for Slave without
checking DASP
1 1 1 Master in 40/80A mode using SP to check for Slave without
checking DASP
======================================================================
* While my Spec form marked the jumper name DM, it is labeled as CS on
my LPS 240AT drive.
Quantum LPS540A:
1120 cyl. 16 hds. 59 sec/trck 541MB
1024 cyl. 16 hds. 63 sec/trck 528MB
The second option is for those that will use the drive under DOS (1024 limit
without driver support).
9-12ms avg. access time
ECC Reed Solomon, 4,500 rpm, local bus support, fast multiword DMA, 128k cache
(of this 32k is used by firmware), read/write caching.
The QUANTUM ELS series:
Model Cap Avg Acc Cylinders Heads Sectors/Track
(MB) (ms)
ELS42AT 42 - 968 5 17
ELS85AT 85 - 977 10 17
ELS127AT 127 - 919 16 17
ELS170AT 170 - 1011 15 22
Write precomp = 0 for all Quantum drives ( probably no significance)
Landing Zone = Cylinders
Straps: If an ELS drive is
master only, use DS
master with slave, DS or, DS and SP in some cases
slave, no strap
********************* RODIME Rodime rodime ******************************
Information for RO 3008A and RO 3009A series hard disk drives:
Drive Types
Model Cyls Hds Sectors/Trk No. blocks Formatted Cap.
------- ---- --- ----------- ---------- --------------
RO3058A 868 3 34 88,536 45.33 MByets
RO3088A 868 5 34 147,560 75.55 MByets
RO3095A 923 5 34 156,910 80.33 MByets
RO3128A 868 7 34 206,584 105.77 MByets
RO3135A 923 7 34 219,674 112.47 MByets
RO3059A 217 15 28 91,158 46.67 MByets
RO3089A 325 15 28 136,737 70.00 MByets
RO3129A 492 15 28 206,645 105.80 MByets
RO3139A 523 15 28 219,735 112.50 MByets
RO3209A 759 15 28 319,053 163.35 MByets
RO3259A 976 15 28 410,211 210.02 MByets
Link Options
In order to install the Rodime Ro 3000A series drives the dumpers for
the single/dual drive and LED operation on the drive need to be set as
described in the relevant product specification.
I a single drive environment the drive is described as a Master.
In a dual drive environment the drives are described as a Master and a
Slave. This is due to the protocal the takes place between the two drives
when performing diagnostics.
There are four links, LK1, LK2, LK4 and LK5, adjacent to the 40 way
interface connector. They have the following functions and are described
in order as viewed from the end of the drive, with the first jumper
described nearest the 40 way interface connector.
LK2: LED
When fitted, this jumper connects the LED drive to pin 39 of the
interface. This allows a LED to be connected to the interface. An
external current limiting resistor needs to be fitted in series with
the LED when this option is selected. The value of the resistor will
be dependant on the LED type chosen but will be in the range of 130
Ohms ot 220 Ohms.
LK1: Dual Drives
This jumper must be fitted when two drives are attached to a single
bus. It fallows communication across the 40 way interface connector,
indicating, to the Master drive, the presence of a Slave.
LK4: Master
When fitted this signifies that the drive jumpered is a Master. If
there are two drives connected on a single bus then only one may be
jumpered in this way.
LK5: IOChRdy
When fitted this connects the IOChRdy signal to the drive, it is
fitted when the drive is used in host systems that have a higher
data transfer rate than the drive i.e. greater than 4 MBytes per
second when using 1:1 interleave. This jumper is not normally
fitted as most hosts transfer at a lower rate than 4 MBytes per
second.
There are four possible Master/Slave configurations in which a drive(s)
may be jumpered:
Master, single drive with LED on interface LK2 & LK4 fitted.
Master, single drive without LED on interface LK4 only fitted.
Master, dual drive without LED on interface LK4 & LK1 fitted.
Slave, dual drive without LED on interface No jumpers fitted.
Master, dual drive with LED on interface LK4, LK1 & LK2 fitted.
Slave, dual drive with LED on interface LK2 only fitted.
The Master drive will delay power-up for approximately two seconds to
reduce power surges in applications where dual drives are used.
The other connections for a LED will be found close to the 28 way
connector at the other end of the drive. This LED driver is not affected
by the link options. An internal current limiting resistor is on the
drive for this LED driver. Refer to the product specification for further
details.
*************************** SAMSUNG Samsung samsung *************************
CYL hd Sectors
SHD-3101A 776 8 33 (100 MB) (MB = 1024 bytes)
SHD-3061A 977 7 17 (56.76 MB)
SHD-3062A 917 15 17 (114 MB)
for drive SHD-3101A, SHD-3061A and SHD-3062A
2 drives
Jumper 1 drive Master Slave
C/D J J NJ
DSP NJ J NJ
ACT J (1) (1)
HSP NJ NJ (2)
J = Jumpered
NJ = No Jumpered
(1) In a two-drive system,it is possible to drive one LED
with both drives. An external current limiting resister is required
(2) If the drive is connected to a host that requires that the - DIRVE SLAVE
PRESENT be supplied from the slave drive via the interface signal -
HOST SLV/ACT, then this jumper must be installed, the ACT jumper must
not be installed because the two jumpers are mutually exclusive
*************************** SEAGATE Seagate seagate *************************
There is a list of most Seagate HD (including MFM, SCSI, ESDIand IDE) on
every Simtel mirror under
/msdos/dskutl/1seagate.zip
It contains info about the following drives:
st1144a st138a st274a st3283a
st1057a st1156a st1400a st280a st351ax
st1090a st1162a st1401a st3051a st9051a
st1102a st1186a st1480a st3096a st9077a
st1111a st1201a st157a st3120a st9096a
st1126a st1239a st2274a st3144a st9144a
st1133a st125a st2383a st325ax
additional info:
ST3243A 204 MB Cyl/Hd/spt 1024/12/34
ST351AX 41 MB 820/6/17
ST9235A 200 MB 985/13/32
and also...
pd1:<msdos.info> (on SIMTEL mirrors)
1SGATHTX.ZIP Seagate tech support's disk ref (needs HHV20)
This is a concise and complete source of information for all hard disks
that Seagate makes, including MFM, RLL, IDE, and SCSI types. This
information includes:
Detailed technical specifications for each drive
Switch and Jumper settings for each drive (more than just settings
for BIOSs and low--level formatting routines)
Miscellaneous notes about each drive
This is the most up-to-date information that Seagate provides on its BBS.
It is dated 05/14/93.
This file is a hypertext version of file 1SEAGATE.ZIP and requires
HHV20.ZIP to view it.
******************* TEAC Teac teac ********************
Model: SD-3105
Cyls. Heads Sect/T PreCmp LZone Capacity
------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ---------
Physical 1282 4 40 - - 105021440
BIOS (AMI) 641 8 40 0 0 105021440 (100.2M)
(Award) 926 13 17 0 0 104778752 (99.9M)
(Phoenix) 776 8 33 0 0 104890368 (100.0M)
Connectors and Jumpers:
+----+ 1 Jumper Function
|....| +---+ +-------/ /---+ 2 0 0 ON: -ACT selected (ext.LED)
| | |...| |::::::/ /::::| :::: OFF: -SLV PRESENT selected
+----+ +---+ +-----/ /-----+ 3 1 1 ON: Two HDD's
J2 J7 40 J1 ---- OFF: Single HDD
Power (Power) Signal Jumpers 2 ON: Master (/Single)
OFF: Slave (with 2 units used)
3 ON: -I/O CH RDY not output
OFF: -I/O CH RDY is output
Master Slave Settings:
Jumper no.: 1 2
-----------------------
Single....: 0 1 1, ON = jumpered
Master....: 1 1 0, OFF = not jumpered
Slave.....: 1 0
********************* TOSHIBA Toshiba toshiba ***************************
cap Cyl Hd spt
MK1122FC 41 977 2 43
MK2024FC 82 977 4 43
MK2124FC 124 934 16 17
MK2224FC 203 684 16 38
MK234FCH 101 845 7 35
Toshiba MK 234FCF.
845 Cyl
7 Head
0 Pre
845 LZ
35 Sectors
101 Size
The jumpers settings I got from Toshiba. They refer to
connector PJ10, the 1st being the pair of pins closet to the
outside of the drive and the 6th being the pair closest to
center of the drive.
configuration jumpers on
------------ ----------
single drive 1st and 3rd
master w/ slave 1st, 3rd, and 4th
slave 1st
**************** WESTERN DIGITAL Western Digital western digital **************
Caviar series:
Name Size (Mb) Cylinders Heads Sectors
----------------------------------------------------
WDAC140 40.7 980 5 17
WDAC280 81.3 980 10 17
WDAC1170 163 1010 6 55
WDAC2120 119.0 1024 14 17
WDAC2170 162.7 1010 6 55
WDAC2200 202.8 989 12 35
WDAC2250 244 1010 9 55
WDAC2340 325.4 1010 12 55
WDAC2420 405.6 989 15 56
> My 1st HD was a Quantum (LPS) 105AT (I assume th LPS, as I haven't any
> docs.)
> >LPS 105AT 105 17 755 16 17
> The second was a Western Digital Caviar 340Mb:
> >WDAC2340 325.4 1010 12 55
> Using the information from your document, I set up the Quantum as master
> and the WDC as slave. This worked fine most of the time, but when booting
> sometimes HDD-controller errors occured. When I switched the drives (WDC
> as master, Quantum as slave) it worked perfectly, as has done ever since.
Manufacturer: Western Digital
Serie: Caviar
Name: WDAC2420
Size(Mb): 405.6
Cylinders: 989
Heads: 15
Sectors: 56
(uses dynamic translation)
Jumpers: CP MA SL
The drive runs as a slave with a WDAC2200 as master just fine.
Please note that these are the *recommended* CMOS parameters. All the disks
support so-called dynamic translation, and should thus be able to work with
any parameters having fewer sectors than the total number of sectors on
the disk.
Now, according to the manual, the jumper settings are as follows:
Jumper CP MA SL
-------------------------------------------------
Single 0 0 0
Master 0 1 0
Slave 0 0 1
Slave with Conner CP342 or CP3022 1 0 1
Maybe there are 2 kinds of Caviar's floating around:
If your jumpers read MA SL and SI then use:
Jumper SI MA SL
Single 1 0 0
Master 0 1 0
Slave 0 0 1
There have been reported difficulties in using WD Caviar as Master and
NEC drives as slave - the other way it works.
> When I installed a Conner CP3204F (203 MB) as master and a WD Caviar 2200
> (203 MB) as slave, both with and without the "CP" jumper, the Caviar had
> seemingly normal behaviour. However, when doing writes to the Caviar, once
> in a while it would overwrite directories etc. Using FASTBACK was almost
> impossible.
>
> The workaround is to install the Caviar as the master, and the Conner
> as the slave.
> I had a WD pirana 4200 (212 mb) IDE drive and added a Caviar 2340 (341 mb)
> drive. No matter what I did with the CMOS settings, as soon as I define
> the D drive (as anything) and rebooted, it would hang for about 2 minutes
> and then report "D: drive failure". I am using an intelligent IDE controller
> since my AMI bios was too old to support IDE drives.
>
> The fix was to call the 4200 the slave and the 2340 the master.
> All has been working fine since then.
WD93044-A (40 MB)
BIOS-Settings
977 cyln, 5 heads, 17 sect, LZone: 977
+-------+ +---+---+---+ 1: drive is master
| cable | | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2: drive is slave
+-------+ +---+---+---+ 3: second drive is a conner-drive
No jumper set: this is the only drive.
--
WD93048-A
40 MB
Cyl 782
Heads 4
s/track 27
Jumper not known; try settings for WD93044-A
--
WDAH260 60MB Cyl/Hd/spt 1024 7 17
WDAH280 82MB 980 10 17
WDAP4200 202MB 987 12 35
******************** Useful telephone numbers... ********************
Conner:
BBS: 408-456-4415
Talk info: 1-800-426-6637
FaxBack: 408-456-4903
The "Talk info" number above is now a Fax-on-demand system. Very nice,
considering both the incoming call and outgoing fax are paid for by them!
You can also speak with a human for technical assistance at this number.
(Conner Europe (in UK) ; +44 628 777277 (voice)
+44 628 592801 (fax))
Miniscribe:
303-651-6000
Maxtor:
Info/tech support: 800-262-9867
FAX-back: 303-678-2618
BBS: 303-678-2222
They list their 800 number as 1(800)2-MAXTOR.
Quantum:
408-894-4000
408-944-0410 (Support)
408-894-3218 (FAX)
408-894-3214 (BBS)
Seagate:
Info/tech support: 408-438-8222
FAX-back: 408-438-2620
BBS: 408-438-8771
Western Digital:
Info/tech support: 714-932-4900
BBS:
U.S. 1200/2400 714-753-1234
U.S. 9600 714-753-1068
France 1200/2400 ..-331-69-85-3914 (? French code is 33 not 331)
Germany 1200/2400 ..-49-89-922006-60
U.K. 1200/2400 ..-44-372-360387
The US Toll free number for Western Digital tech support is
800-832-4778
******************* last but not least *****************
If I could help you with my little collection and if you live in a
part of the world far away from me, how about a postcard for my pinboard?
I will surely answer!
Carsten Grammes
Saarbruecker Str. 47
D-66292 Riegelsberg
Germany
S) 5.0 Video
Q) 5.1 Can I use two video cards in the same system?
[From: uwvax!astroatc!nicmad!madnix!zaphod (Ron Bean)]
In the past, the only way to do this was to use one Hercules-type
monochrome card and one color card (CGA, EGA, or VGA), because the
color cards all used the same address space. Most DOS software will
only use one at a time (you can switch between them with the 'mode'
command), but debuggers and CAD programs often support this type of
dual-display system. You may have to change a setting on your VGA card
to make it run in 8-bit mode in order for this to work.
Windows can also be set up this way. Include the line
DualDisplay=TRUE (or ON) in your SYSTEM.INI file, in the 386enh
section. If you open a DOS shell window and type MODE MONO, the shell
will appear on the monochrome monitor.
There are now other types of video cards that don't share the VGA
address space, but these combinations don't seem to be supported by
software. Some types that have been suggested include TIGA, 8514A,
Hercules InColor, and a few other "accelerated" cards. Many EISA video
cards have fully addressable video apertures, and come with the
appropriate drivers.
A few cards contain more than one VGA chipset and come with special
drivers that make it behave like a single VGA card, but they may be
expensive and hard to find.
If you just want to display the same image on several monitors,
there are (expensive) signal splitters that will do this (try vendors
that specialize in things like cables and switchboxes). Signal
splitters for EGA/CGA are somewhat cheaper.
Q) 5.2 *What kinds of monitors are available?
Q) 5.3 *Can I get an RGB monitor to work with my PC?
Q) 5.4 *How can I hook more than one monitor to my video card?
Q) 5.5 *Which video card is best for DOS/Windows/X11/OS2?
Q) 5.6 *What is the black horizontal line on my monitor?
S) 6.0 Systems
Q) 6.1 *What should I upgrade first?
Q) 6.2 Do I need a CPU fan / heat sink
[From: jruchak@mtmis1.mis.semi.harris.com (John Anthony Ruchak)]
This is highly debatable. In general, if you buy from a good,
self-respecting company, any additional cooling requirements would
have been taken care of before your system was delivered to you.
I'm responsible for PC maintenance at my site, and I don't worry about
additional cooling in any of the pre-packaged systems we receive. All
rebuilt and/or upgraded 486-33 (or higher) systems do, however,
receive additional cooling because older cases may not provide
adequate ventilation for today's technology. Additional cooling on
the infamously-hot Pentium (586) is always added.
So, do YOU need a CPU fan in YOUR system? Probably not for "ready to
run out of the box systems." If you are _REALLY_ worried that your
system is suffering from too much heat, consult with a reputable
service center. They will not only answer your questions, but they
can also install any additional cooling systems that may be needed. A
good rule of thumb, though - "don't try to fix what isn't broken."
In other words, if your system is working, don't look for trouble.
Q) 6.3 What does the turbo switch do?
[From: cls@truffula.sj.ca.us (Cameron L. Spitzer)]
It slows your system down so you can play games that were written
with timing mechanisms based on CPU execution rate. I know of three
implementations:
1. A programmable divider delivers the clock signal at two different
speeds.
2. Extra wait states are inserted in all memory cycles.
3. Dummy DMA cycles or extra referesh cycles are inserted.
The first is by far the most common.
Q) 6.4 How does the front panel LED display measure the system's speed?
It doesn't. The only useful information going to these displays is if
you are in turbo mode. They have jumpers or dials behind the display
which you can use to set them to show any two arbitrary numbers (for
turbo and non-turbo modes).
Q) 6.5 Should I turn my computer/monitor off?
Turning a device on/off causes thermal stress. Leaving it on causes
wear and tear (even on non moving parts). The only thing you
shouldn't do is quickly power cycle the computer. If you turn it
on/off, leave it that way for at least a few seconds. Other than
that, it's up to you.
Q) 6.6 Are there any manufacturers/distributers who read the net?
Yes, it is known that Zeos, Gateway 2000, Adaptec, HP and others all
read the net to some extent. However, for best results, use the
support phone numbers.
S) 7.0 Diagnostics
Q) 7.1 What do the POST beeps mean?
This section contains information on the following:
IBM
AMI
Phoenix
DTK/ERSO XT BIOS
MR BIOS
Mylex 386 System BIOS
Quadtel AT Compatible BIOS
[From: Shaun Burnett (burnesa@cat.com)]
POST (Power-On Self Test) beeps signal something is wrong with your
system. The meaning of these beeps is BIOS dependent. Below are the
audio codes for IBM, AMI, and Phoenix BIOS's.
IBM
Beep(s) Errant device
No beep Power supply, system board
1 short beep System OK
2 short beeps POST Error displayed on monitor
Repeating short beeps Power supply, system board
3 long beeps 3270 keyboard card
1 long, 1 short beeps System board
1 long, 2 short beeps Display adapter (MDA, CGA)
1 long, 3 short beeps EGA
Continuous beep Power supply, system board
AMI
Beep(s) Failure
1 short DRAM refresh
2 short Parity circuit
3 short Base 64K RAM
4 short System timer
5 short Processor
6 short Keyboard controller Gate A20 error
7 short Virtual mode exception error
8 short Display memory R/W test
9 short ROM BIOS checksum
1 long, 3 short Non-fatal--Conventional/extended memory
1 long, 8 short Non-fatal--Display/retrace test
PHOENIX
Beep Fatal Failures* Beep code Non-Fatal Failures* code
1-1-3 CMOS write/read (or real- 4-2-1 Timer tick interrupt test
time clock read/write) (or in progress)
1-1-4 ROM BIOS checksum 4-2-2 Shutdown test (or in progress)
1-2-1 Programmable interval timer 4-2-3 Gate A20 failure
1-2-2 DMA initialization 4-2-4 Unexpected interrupt in
protected mode
1-2-3 DMA page register write/read 4-3-1 RAM test in progress or
address failure > FFFFh
1-2-4 SRAM test and configuration 4-3-3 Interval timer Channel 2
(or test)
1-3-1 RAM refresh verification 4-3-4 Time-of-day clock (or test)
1-3-3 1st 64kb RAM chip or data 4-4-1 Serial port (or test)
line failure, multibit
1-3-4 First 64K RAM odd/even logic 4-4-2 Parallel port (or test)
1-4-1 Address line failure first 4-4-3 Math coprocessor (or test)
64K RAM
1-4-2 Parity failure first low 1-1-2 System-board select
64K RAM
2-1-1 Bit 0 first 64K RAM low 1-1-3 Extended CMOS RAM
2-1-2 Bit 1 first 64K RAM
2-1-3 Bit 2 first 64K RAM
2-1-4 Bit 3 first 64K RAM
2-2-1 Bit 4 first 64K RAM
2-2-2 Bit 5 first 64K RAM
2-2-3 Bit 6 first 64K RAM
2-2-4 Bit 7 first 64K RAM
2-3-1 Bit 8 first 64K RAM
2-3-2 Bit 9 first 64K RAM
2-3-3 Bit 10 first 64K RAM
2-3-4 Bit 11 first 64K RAM
2-4-1 Bit 12 first 64K RAM
2-4-2 Bit 13 first 64K RAM
2-4-3 Bit 14 first 64K RAM
2-4-4 Bit 15 first 64K RAM
3-1-1 Slave DMA register
3-1-2 Master DMA register
3-1-3 Master interrupt mask
register failure
3-1-4 Slave interrupt mask
register failure
3-2-4 Keyboard controller test
failure
3-3-4 Screen initialization
3-4-1 Screen retrace
3-4-2 Search for video ROM in
progress (not failure)
* Unless otherwise noted.
[From: Will Spencer (will@gnu.ai.mit.edu)]
DTK/ERSO XT BIOS
1 short - Begin POST and End POST
1 long, 1 short - Floppy Disk Drive or Controller
Failure
Continuous short - Parity Error in First 64K RAM
Continuous tone - First 64K RAM failure
1 long - Keyboard Failed or Locked, Interrupt
or other system board error
long short, long short, long short - Video Initialization Failure, or
Invalid Video Switch Setting
MR BIOS
:POST Code 1A Beep Codes
low high, low high low high high - Real Time Clock is Not Updating
:POST Code 03 Beep Codes
low high, low low low - ROM BIOS Checksum Test
:POST Code 04 Beep Codes
low high, high low low - Page Register Test (Ports 81-8F)
:POST Code 05 Beep Codes
low high, low high low - 8042 Keyboard Controller Selftest
:POST Code 07 Beep Codes
low high, high high low - Memory Refresh Circuit Test
:POST Code 08 Beep Codes
low high, low low high - Master (16bit) DMA Controller
Failure
low high, high low high - Slave (8 bit) DMA Controller
Failure
:Post Code 0A Beep Codes
low high, low low low low - Memory Bank 0 Pattern Test Failure
low high, high low low low - Memory Bank 0 Parity Circuitry
Failure
low high, low high low low - Memory Bank 0 Parity Error
low high, high high low low - Memory Bank 0 Data Bus Failure
low high, low low high low - Memory Bank 0 Address Bus Failure
low high, high low high low - Memory Bank 0 Block Access Read
Failure
low high, low high high low - Memory Bank 0 Block Access
Read/Write Failure
:POST Code 0B Beep Codes
low high, high high high low - Master 8259 (Port 21 ) Failure
low high, low low low high - Slave 8259 (Port A1) Failure
:POST Code 0C Beep Codes
low high, high low low high - Master 8259 (Port 20) Interrupt
Address Error
low high, low high low high - Slave 8259 (Port A0) Interrupt
Address Error
low high, high high low low - 8259 (Port 20/A0) Interrupt
Address Error
low high, low low high high - Master 8259 (Port 20) Stuck
Intercept Error
low high, high low high high - Slave 8259 (Port A0) Stuck
Intercept Error
low high, low high high high - System Timer 8254 CH0/IRQ0
Interrupt Failure
:POST Code 0D Beep Codes
low high, high high high high - 8254 Channel 0 Test and
Initialization
:POST Code 0E Beep Codes
low high, low low low low high - 8254 Channel-2 (Speaker) Failure
low high, high low low low high - 8254 OUT2 (Speaker Detect) Failure
:POST Code 0F Beep Codes
low high, low high low low high - CMOS RAM Read/Write Test Failure
low high, high high low low high - RTC Periodic Interrupt / IRQ8
Failure
:POST Code 10 Beep Codes
low high, low low high low high - Video Initialization and
(Cold-Boot) Signon Message
:POST Code 12 Beep Codes
low high, high low high low high - Keyboard Controller Failure
:POST Code 17 Beep Codes
low high, low low low high high - A20 Test Failure Due to 8042
Timeout
low high, high low low high high - A20 Gate Stuck in Disabled State
:POST Code 19 Beep Codes
low high, low high high low high - Memory Parity Error
low high, high high high low high - IO Channel Error
Mylex 386 System BIOS
long - Begin POST Beep Code
2 long - Video Card Bad or No Video Card
long, short, long - Keyboard Controller Error
long, 2 short, long - Keyboard Error
long, 3 short, long - Programmable Interrupt Controller
(8259-1) Error
long, 4 short, long - Programmable Interrupt Controller
(8259-1) Error
long, 5 short, long - DMA Page Register Error
long, 6 short, long - RAM Refresh Error
long, 7 short, long - RAM Data Test Error
long, 8 short, long - RAM Parity Error
long, 9 short, long - DMA Controller 1 Error
long, 10 short, long - CMOS RAM Failure
long, 11 short, long - DMA Controller 2 Error
long, 12 short, long - CMOS RAM Battery Failure
long, 13 short, long - CMOS Checksum Failed
long, 14 short, long - BIOS ROM Checksum Failed
several long beeps - Multiple failures
Quadtel AT Compatible BIOS
3 short - Any Failure
Q) 7.2 +What do the POST codes mean?
This section contains information on the following:
IBM
Award Modular BIOS
Mylex 386 System BIOS
Quadtel AT Compatible BIOS
MR BIOS
Checkpoint Codes for AMI BIOS (pre-4/9/90)
AMI BIOS
AMI Color BIOS (after 2/1/91)
EuroBIOS
[From: zz96sr@sdacs.ucsd.edu (Steve Rusk)]
All personal computer error codes for the Power On Self Test, General
Diagnostics, and Advanced Diagnostics consist of a device number followed by
two digits other than 00. (The device number plus 00 indicates successful
completion of the test.)
This list is a compilation from various sources, including USENET's
Info-IBMPC Digest, IBM Technical Reference Manuals, and IBM Hardware,
Maintenance and Service manuals.
01x Undetermined problem errors.
02x Power supply errors.
1xx System board errors.
101 System board error - Interrupt failure.
102 System board error - Timer failure.
103 System board error - Timer interrupt failure.
104 System board error - Protected mode failure.
105 System board error - Last 8042 command not accepted.
106 System board error - Converting logic test.
107 System board error - Hot NMI test.
108 System board error - Timer bus test.
109 Direct memory access test error.
121 Unexpected hardware interrupts occurred.
131 Cassette wrap test failed.
152
161 System Options Error-(Run SETUP) [Battery failure].
162 System options not set correctly-(Run SETUP).
163 Time and date not set-(Run SETUP).
164 Memory size error-(Run SETUP).
199 User-indicated configuration not correct.
2xx Memory (RAM) errors.
201 Memory test failed.
202 Memory address error.
203 Memory address error.
3xx Keyboard errors.
301 Keyboard did not respond to software reset correctly, or a stuck
key failure was detected. If a stuck key was detected, the
scan code for the key is displayed in hexadecimal. For
example, the error code 49 301 indicates that key 73, the
PgUp key, has failed (49 hex = 73 decimal).
302 User-indicated error from the keyboard test, or AT keylock
is locked.
303 Keyboard or system unit error.
304 Keyboard or system unit error; CMOS does not match system.
4xx Monochrome monitor errors.
401 Monochrome memory test, horizontal sync frequency test, or
video test failed.
408 User-indicated display attributes failure.
416 User-indicated character set failure.
424 User-indicated 80 X 25 mode failure.
432 Parallel port test failed (monochrome adapter).
5xx Color monitor errors.
501 Color memory test failed, horizontal sync frequency test, or
video test failed.
508 User-indicated display attribute failure.
516 User-indicated character set failure.
524 User-indicated 80 X 25 mode failure.
532 User-indicated 40 X 25 mode failure.
540 User-indicated 320 X 200 graphics mode failure.
548 User-indicated 640 X 200 graphics mode failure.
6xx Diskette drive errors.
601 Diskette power-on diagnostics test failed.
602 Diskette test failed; boot record is not valid.
606 Diskette verifysd function failed.
607 Write-protected diskette.
608 Bad command diskette status returned.
610 Diskette initialization failed.
611 Timeout - diskette status returned.
612 Bad NEC - diskette status returned.
613 Bad DMA - diskette status returned.
621 Bad seek - diskette status returned.
622 Bad CRC - diskette status returned.
623 Record not found - diskette status returned.
624 Bad address mark - diskette status returned.
625 Bad NEC seek - diskette status returned.
626 Diskette data compare error.
7xx 8087 or 80287 math coprocessor errors.
9xx Parallel printer adapter errors.
901 Parallel printer adapter test failed.
10xx Reserved for parallel printer adapter.
11xx Asynchronous communications adapter errors.
1101 Asynchronous communications adapter test failed.
12xx Alternate asynchronous communications adapter errors.
1201 Alternate asynchronous communications adapter test failed.
13xx Game control adapter errors.
1301 Game control adapter test failed.
1302 Joystick test failed.
14xx Printer errors.
1401 Printer test failed.
1404 Matrix printer failed.
15xx Synchronous data link control (SDLC) communications adapter errors.
1510 8255 port B failure.
1511 8255 port A failure.
1512 8255 port C failure.
1513 8253 timer 1 did not reach terminal count.
1514 8253 timer 1 stuck on.
1515 8253 timer 0 did not reach terminal count.
1516 8253 timer 0 stuck on.
1517 8253 timer 2 did not reach terminal count.
1518 8253 timer 2 stuck on.
1519 8273 port B error.
1520 8273 port A error.
1521 8273 command/read timeout.
1522 Interrupt level 4 failure.
1523 Ring Indicate stuck on.
1524 Receive clock stuck on.
1525 Transmit clock stuck on.
1526 Test indicate stuck on.
1527 Ring indicate not on.
1528 Receive clock not on.
1529 Transmit clock not on.
1530 Test indicate not on.
1531 Data set ready not on.
1532 Carrier detect not on.
1533 Clear to send not on.
1534 Data set ready stuck on.
1536 Clear to send stuck on.
1537 Level 3 interrupt failure.
1538 Receive interrupt results error.
1539 Wrap data miscompare.
1540 DMA channel 1 error.
1541 DMA channel 1 error.
1542 Error in 8273 error checking or status reporting.
1547 Stray interrupt level 4.
1548 Stray interrupt level 3.
1549 Interrupt presentation sequence timeout.
16xx Display emulation errors (327x, 5520, 525x).
17xx Fixed disk errors.
1701 Fixed disk POST error.
1702 Fixed disk adapter error.
1703 Fixed disk drive error.
1704 Fixed disk adapter or drive error.
1780 Fixed disk 0 failure.
1781 Fixed disk 1 failure.
1782 Fixed disk controller failure.
1790 Fixed disk 0 error.
1791 Fixed disk 1 error.
18xx I/O expansion unit errors.
1801 I/O expansion unit POST error.
1810 Enable/Disable failure.
1811 Extender card warp test failed (disabled).
1812 High order address lines failure (disabled).
1813 Wait state failure (disabled).
1814 Enable/Disable could not be set on.
1815 Wait state failure (disabled).
1816 Extender card warp test failed (enabled).
1817 High order address lines failure (enabled).
1818 Disable not functioning.
1819 Wait request switch not set correctly.
1820 Receiver card wrap test failure.
1821 Receiver high order address lines failure.
19xx 3270 PC attachment card errors.
20xx Binary synchronous communications (BSC) adapter errors.
2010 8255 port A failure.
2011 8255 port B failure.
2012 8255 port C failure.
2013 8253 timer 1 did not reach terminal count.
2014 8253 timer 1 stuck on.
2016 8253 timer 2 did not reach terminal count, or timer 2 stuck on.
2017 8251 Data set ready failed to come on.
2018 8251 Clear to send not sensed.
2019 8251 Data set ready stuck on.
2020 8251 Clear to send stuck on.
2021 8251 hardware reset failed.
2022 8251 software reset failed.
2023 8251 software "error reset" failed.
2024 8251 transmit ready did not come on.
2025 8251 receive ready did not come on.
2026 8251 could not force "overrun" error status.
2027 Interrupt failure - no timer interrupt.
2028 Interrupt failure - transmit, replace card or planar.
2029 Interrupt failure - transmit, replace card.
2030 Interrupt failure - receive, replace card or planar.
2031 Interrupt failure - receive, replace card.
2033 Ring indicate stuck on.
2034 Receive clock stuck on.
2035 Transmit clock stuck on.
2036 Test indicate stuck on.
2037 Ring indicate stuck on.
2038 Receive clock not on.
2039 Transmit clock not on.
2040 Test indicate not on.
2041 Data set ready not on.
2042 Carrier detect not on.
2043 Clear to send not on.
2044 Data set ready stuck on.
2045 Carrier detect stuck on.
2046 Clear to send stuck on.
2047 Unexpected transmit interrupt.
2048 Unexpected receive interrupt.
2049 Transmit data did not equal receive data.
2050 8251 detected overrun error.
2051 Lost data set ready during data wrap.
2052 Receive timeout during data wrap.
21xx Alternate binary synchronous communications adapter errors.
2110 8255 port A failure.
2111 8255 port B failure.
2112 8255 port C failure.
2113 8253 timer 1 did not reach terminal count.
2114 8253 timer 1 stuck on.
2115 8253 timer 2 did not reach terminal count, or timer 2 stuck on.
2116 8251 Data set ready failed to come on.
2117 8251 Clear to send not sensed.
2118 8251 Data set ready stuck on.
2119 8251 Clear to send stuck on.
2120 8251 hardware reset failed.
2121 8251 software reset failed.
2122 8251 software "error reset" failed.
2123 8251 transmit ready did not come on.
2124 8251 receive ready did not come on.
2125 8251 could not force "overrun" error status.
2126 Interrupt failure - no timer interrupt.
2128 Interrupt failure - transmit, replace card or planar.
2129 Interrupt failure - transmit, replace card.
2130 Interrupt failure - receive, replace card or planar.
2131 Interrupt failure - receive, replace card.
2133 Ring indicate stuck on.
2134 Receive clock stuck on.
2135 Transmit clock stuck on.
2136 Test indicate stuck on.
2137 Ring indicate stuck on.
2138 Receive clock not on.
2139 Transmit clock not on.
2140 Test indicate not on.
2141 Data set ready not on.
2142 Carrier detect not on.
2143 Clear to send not on.
2144 Data set ready stuck on.
2145 Carrier detect stuck on.
2146 Clear to send stuck on.
2147 Unexpected transmit interrupt.
2148 Unexpected receive interrupt.
2149 Transmit data did not equal receive data.
2150 8251 detected overrun error.
2151 Lost data set ready during data wrap.
2152 Receive timeout during data wrap.
22xx Cluster adapter errors.
24xx Enhanced graphics adapter errors.
29xx Color matrix printer errors.
2901
2902
2904
33xx Compact printer errors.
[From: Will Spencer (will@gnu.ai.mit.edu)]
Award Modular BIOS
01 - Processor Test 1: Processor Status Verification
02 - Determine Post Type
03 - Clear 8042 Keyboard Controller
04 - Reset 8042 Keyboard Controller
05 - Get Manufacturing Status
06 - Initialize Chips (DMA, 8259's)
07 - Processor Test 2: Read/Write/Verify Registers with
Data Pattern FF and 00
08 - Initialize CMOS Timer
09 - EPROM Checksum
0A - Initialize Video Controller Register 6845
0B - Test Timer (8254) Channel 0
0C - Test Timer (8254) Channel 1
0D - Test Timer (8254) Channel 2
0E - Test CMOS Shutdown Byte
0F - Text Extended CMOS
10 - Test DMA Channel 0
11 - Test DMA Channel 1
12 - Test DMA Page Registers
13 - Test Keyboard Controller
14 - Test Memory Refresh
15 - Test 1st 64K of System Memory
16 - Setup Interrupt Vector Table
17 - Setup Video I/O Operations
18 - Test Video Memory
19 - Test 8259 Mask Bits - Channel 1
1A - Test 8259 Mask Bits - Channel 2
1B - Test CMOS Battery Level
1C - Test CMOS Checksum
1D - Set Configuration from CMOS
1E - Size System Memory
1F - Test Found System Memory
20 - Test Stuck 8259 Interrupt Bits
21 - Test Suck NMI Bits (Parity I/O Check)
22 - Test 9259 Working
23 - Test Protected Mode
24 - Size Extended Memory
25 - Test Found Extended Memory
26 - Test Protected Mode Exceptions
27 - Setup Cache Control or Shadow RAM
28 - Setup 8242
29 - Reserved
2A - Initialize Keyboard
2B - Initialize Floppy Drive and Controller
2C - Detect and Initialize COM Ports
2D - Detect and Initialize LPT Ports
2E - Initialize Hard Drive and Controller
2F - Detect and Initialize Math Coprocessors
30 - Reserver
31 - Detect and Initialize Option ROMs
3B - Initialize Secondary Cache w/OPTi Chipset (486 only)
CA - Micronics Cache Initialization
CC - NMI Handler Shutdown
EE - Unexpected Processor Exceptiom
FF - INT 19 Boot Attempt
Mylex 386 System BIOS
01 - CPU Test
02 - DMA Page Register Test
03 - Keyboard Controller Test
04 - BIOS ROM Checksum
05 - Send Keyboard Command Test
06 - CMOS RAM Test
08 - RAM Refresh Test
09 - First 64K Memory Test
0A - DMA Controller Test
0B - Initialize DMA
0C - Interrupt Test
0D - Determine RAM Size
0E - Initialize Video of EGA/VGA Checksum
10 - Search for Monochrome Card
11 - Search for Color Card
12 - Word Splitter and Byte Shifter Test
13 - Keyboard Test
14 - RAM Test
15 - Timer Test
16 - Initialize Output Port of Keyboard Controller
17 - Keyboard Interrupt Test
Quadtel AT Compatible BIOS
02 - Flag Test
04 - Register Test
06 - System Hardware Initialization
08 - Initialize Chip Set Registers
0A - BIOS ROM Checksum
0C - DMA Page Register Test
0E - 8254 Timer Test
10 - 8254 Timer Initialization
12 - 8237 DMA Controller Test
14 - 8237 DMA Initialization
16 - Initialize 8259/Reset Coprocessor
18 - 8259 Interrupt Controller Test
1A - Memory Refresh Test
1C - Base 64KB Address Test
1E - Base 64KB Memory Test
20 - Base 64KB Test (Upper 16 bits)
22 - 8742 Keyboard Self Test
24 - MC146818 CMOS Test
26 - Start First Protected Mode Test
28 - Memory Sizing Test
2A - Autosize Memory Chips
2C - Chip Interleave Enable Test
2E - First Protected Mode Test Exit
30 - Unexpected Shutdown
32 - System Board Memory Size
34 - Relocate Shadow Ram if Configured
36 - Configure EMS System
38 - Configure Wait States
3A - ReTest 64K Base RAM
3C - CPU Speed Calculation
3E - Get Switches From 8042
40 - Configure CPU Speed
42 - Initialize Interrupt Vectors
44 - Verify Video Configuration
46 - Initialize Video System
48 - Test Unexpected Interrupts
4A - Start Second Protected Mode Test
4C - Verify LDT Instruction
4E - Verify TR Instruction
50 - Verify LSL Instruction
52 - Verify LAR Instruction
54 - Verify VERR Instruction
56 - Unexpected Exception
58 - Address Line 20 Test
5A - Keyboard Ready Test
5C - Determine AT or XT Keyboard
5E - Start Third Protected Mode Test
60 - Base Memory Test
62 - Base Memory Address Test
64 - Shadow Memory Test
66 - Extended Memory Test
68 - Extended Address Test
6A - Determine Memory Size
6C - Display Error Messages
6E - Copy BIOS to Shadow Memory
70 - 8254 Clock Test
72 - MC146818 Real Time Clock Test
74 - Keyboard Stuck Key Test
76 - Initialize Hardware Interrupt Vectors
78 - Math Coprocessor Test
7A - Determine COM Ports Available
7C - Determine LPT Ports Available
7E - Initialize BIOS Data Area
80 - Determine Floppy/Fixed Controller
82 - Floppy Disk Test
84 - Fixed Disk Test
86 - External ROM Scan
88 - System Key Lock Test
8A - Wait for F1 Key Pressed
8C - Final System Initialization
8E - Interrupt 19 Boot Loader
B0 - Unexpected Interrupt
MR BIOS
(The post codes for MR BIOS are located with the post beeps)
Checkpoint Codes for AMI BIOS
Release date 4/9/90 and after
Code Meaning
01 NMI disabled and 286 register test about to start.
02 286 register test passed.
03 ROM BIOS checksum (32K at F800:0) passed.
04 Keyboard controller test with and without mouse passed.
05 Chipset initialization over, DMA and Interrupt controller disabled.
06 Video disabled and system timer test begin.
07 CH-2 of 8254 initialization half way.
08 CH-2 of timer initialization over.
09 CH-1 of timer initialization over.
0A CH-0 of timer initialization over.
0B Refresh started.
0C System timer started.
0D Refresh link toggling passed.
10 Refresh on and about to start 64K base memory test.
11 Address line test passed.
12 64K base memory test passed.
15 Interrupt vectors initialized.
17 Monochrome mode set.
18 Color mode set.
19 About to look for optional video ROM at segment C000 and give control
to the optional video ROM if present.
1A Return from optional video ROM.
1B Shadow RAM enable/disable completed.
1C Display memory read/write test for main display type as set in the
CMOS setup program over.
1D Display memory read/write test for alternate display type complete
if main display memory read/write test returns error.
1E Global equipment byte set for proper display type.
1F Video mode set call for mono/color begins.
20 Video mode set completed.
21 ROM type 27256 verified.
23 Power on message displayed.
30 Virtual mode memory test about to begin.
31 Virtual mode memory test started.
32 Processor executing in virtual mode.
33 Memory address line test in progress.
34 Memory address line test in progress.
35 Memory below 1MB calculated.
36 Memory above 1MB calculated.
37 Memory test about to start.
38 Memory below 1MB initialized.
39 Memory above 1MB initialized.
3A Memory size display initiated. This will be updated when the BIOS
goes through the memory test.
3B About to start below 1MB memory test.
3C Memory test below 1MB completed and about to start above 1MB test.
3D Memory test above 1MB completed.
3E About to go to real mode.
3F Shutdown successful and processor in real mode.
40 CACHE memory on and about to disable A20 address line.
41 A20 address line disable successful.
42 486 internal cache turned on.
43 About to start DMA controller test.
50 DMA page register test complete.
51 DMA unit-1 base register test about to start.
52 DMA unit-1 base register test complete.
53 DMA unit-2 base register test complete.
54 About to check F/F latch for unit-1 and unit-2.
55 F/F latch for both units checked.
56 DMA unit 1 and 2 programming over and about to initialize 8259
interrupt controller.
57 8259 initialization over.
70 About to start keyboard test.
71 Keyboard controller BAT test over.
72 Keyboard interface test over, mouse interface test started.
73 Global data initialization for keyboard/mouse over.
74 Display 'SETUP' prompt and about to start floppy setup.
75 Floppy setup over.
76 Hard disk setup about to start.
77 Hard disk setup over.
79 About to initialize timer data area.
7A Timer data initialized and about to verify CMOS battery power.
7B CMOS battery verification over.
7D About to analyze POST results.
7E CMOS memory size updated.
7F Look for <DEL> key and get into CMOS setup if found.
80 About to give control to optional ROM in segment C800 to DE00.
81 Optional ROM control over.
82 Check for printer ports and put the addresses in global data area.
83 Check for RS232 ports and put the addresses in global data area.
84 Coprpcessor detection over.
85 About to display soft error messages.
86 About to give control to system ROM at segment E000.
00 System ROM control at E000 over now give control to Int 19h boot
loader.
Checkpoint Codes for AMI BIOS
Release date prior to 4/9/90
Code Meaning
01 NMI disabled & 286 reg. test about to start
02 286 register test over
03 ROM checksum OK
04 8259 initialization OK
05 CMOS pending interrupt disabled
06 Video disabled & system timer counting OK
07 CH-2 of 8253 test OK
08 CH-2 delta count test OK
09 CH-1 delta count test OK
0A CH-0 delta count test OK
0B Parity status cleared
0C Refresh & system timer OK
0D Refresh link toggling OK
0E Refresh period ON/OFF 50% OK
10 Confirmed refresh ON & about to start 64K memory
11 Address line test OK
12 64K base memory test OK
13 Interrupt vectors initialized
14 8042 keyboard controller test OK
15 CMOS read/write test OK
16 CMOS checksum/battery check OK
17 Monochrome mode set OK
18 Color mode set OK
19 About to look for optional video ROM
1A Optional video ROM control OK
1B Display memory read/write test OK
1C Display memory read/write test for alternate display OK
1D Video retrace check OK
1E Global equipment byte set for video OK
1F Mode set call for Mono/Color OK
20 Video test OK
21 Video display OK
22 Power on message display OK
30 Virtual mode memory test about to begin
31 Virtual mode memory test started
32 Processor in virtual mode
33 Memory address line test in progress
34 Memory address line test in progress
35 Memory below 1MB calculated
36 Memory size computation OK
37 Memory test in progress
38 Memory initialization over below 1MB
39 Memory initialization over above 1MB
3A Display memory size
3B About to start below 1MB memory test
3C Memory test below 1MB OK
3D Memory test above 1MB OK
3E About to go to real mode (shutdown)
3F Shutdown successful and and entered in real mode
40 About to disable gate A-20 address line
41 Gate A-20 line disabled successfully
42 About to start DMA controller test
4E Address line test OK
4F Processor in real mode after shutdown
50 DMA page register test OK
51 DMA unit-1 base register test about to start
52 DMA unit-1 channel OK, about to begin CH-2
53 DMA CH-2 base register test OK
54 About to test f/f latch for unit-1
55 f/f latch test both unit OK
56 DMA unit 1 & 2 programmed OK
57 8259 initialization over
58 8259 mask register check OK
59 Master 8259 mask register OK, about to start slave
5A About to check timer and keyboard interrupt level
5B Timer interrupt OK
5C About to test keyboard interrupt
5D ERROR! timer/keyboard interrupt not in proper level
5E 8259 interrupt controller error
5F 8259 interrupt controller test OK
70 Start of keyboard test
71 Keyboard BAT test OK
72 Keyboard test OK
73 Keyboard global data initialization OK
74 Floppy setup about to start
75 Floppy setup OK
76 Hard disk setup about to start
77 Hard disk setup OK
79 About to initialize timer data area
7A Verify CMOS battery power
7B CMOS battery verification done
7D About to analyze diagnostic test results for memory
7E CMOS memory size update OK
7F About to check optional ROM C000:0
80 Keyboard sensed to enable setup
81 Optional ROM control OK
82 Printer global data initialization OK
83 RS-232 global data initialization OK
84 80287 check/test OK
85 About to display soft error message
86 About to give control to system ROM E000:0
87 System ROM E000:0 check over
00 Control given to Int-19, boot loader
AMI BIOS
01 - 286 Register Test Failed
02 - ROM BIOS Checksum (32KB at F800:0) Failed
03 - ROM BIOS Checksum (32KB at F800:0) Passed
04 - 8259 Interrupt Controller Initialization
05 - Chipset Initialization Over, DMA & Interrupt Controller Disabled
06 - Video Disabled and System Timer Test Begin
07 - CH-2 of 8254 Initialization Half Way
08 - 8254 CH-2 Timer Test to be Completed
09 - 8254 CH-1 Timer Test to be Completed
0A - 8254 CH-0 Timer Test to be Completed
0B - DRAM Refresh Failure
0C - System Timer Started
0D - Refresh Link Toggling Passed
0E - Refresh Period ON/OFF 50% OK
10 - Refresh ON and About to Start 64KB Base Memory Test
11 - Address Line Test Passed
12 - 64KB Base Memory Test Passed
13 - Interrupt Vectors Initialized
14 - 8042 Keyboard Controller Test Passed
15 - CMOS Read/Write Test Passed
16 - CNOS Checksum and Battery Check Passed
17 - Monochrome Mode Set
18 - Color Mode Set
19 - Give Control to the Optional Video ROM at Segment C0 if present
1A - Return from Optional Video ROM
1B - Display Memory Read/Write Test Passed
1C - Alternate Display Memory Read/Write Test Passed
1D - Video Retrace Check Passed
1E - Global Equipment Byte Set for Proper Display Type
1F - Video Mode Set Call for Mono/Color Begins
20 - Video Mode Set Completed
21 - ROM Type Verified, Video Display OK
22 - Power On Message Displayed
23 - Power On Message Displayed
30 - Virtual Mode Memory Test About to Begin
31 - Virtual Mode Memory Test Started
32 - Processor Executing in Virtual Mode
33 - Memory Address Line Test in Progress
34 - Memory Address Line Test in Progress
35 - Memory Below 1MB Calculated
36 - Memory Above 1MB Calculated, Memory Size Computation OK
37 - Memory Test About to Start
38 - Memory Below 1MB Initialized
39 - Memory Above 1MB Initialized
3A - Memory Size Display Initiated
3B - About to Start Below 1MB Memory Test
3C - Memory Test Below 1MB Completed
3D - Memory Test Above 1MB Completed
3E - About to go to Real Mode (Shutdown)
3F - Shutdown Successful and Processor in Real Mode
40 - Cache Memory ON and About to Disable A20 Address Line
41 - Gate A-20 Line Disabed Successfully
42 - 486 Internal Cache Turned ON
43 - About to Start DMA Controller Test
4E - Address Line Test Passed
4F - Processor in Real Mode After Shutdown
50 - DMA Page Register Test Complete
51 - DMA Unit-1 Base Register Test About to Start
52 - DMA Unit-1 Base Register Test Complete
53 - DMA Unit-2 Base Register Test Complete
54 - About to Check F/F Latch for Unit-1 and Unit-2
55 - F/F Latch for Both Units Checked
56 - DMA Unit-1 and 2 Programming Over
57 - 8259 Initialization Over
58 - 8259 Mask Register Check Passed
59 - Master 8259 Mask Register Passed
5A - About to Check Timer and Keyboard Interrupt Level
5B - Timer Interrupt Passed
5C - About to Test Keyboard Interrupt
5D - Error! Timer/Keyboard Interrupt Not in Proper Level
5E - 8259 Interrupt Controller Error
5F - 8259 Interrupt Controller Test Passed
70 - About to Start Keyboard Test
71 - Keyboard Controller BAT Test Over
72 - Keyboard Interface Test Over, Mouse Interface Test Started
73 - Global Data Initialization for Keyboard/Mouse Over
74 - Display "Setup" Prompt and About to Start Floppy Setup
75 - Floppy Setup Over
76 - Hard Disk Setup About to Start
77 - Hard Disk Setup Over
79 - About to Initialize Timer Data Area
7A - Time Data Area Initialized and About to Verify CMOS Battery Power
7B - CMOS Battery Verification Over
7D - About to Analyze POST Test Results
7E - CMOS Memory Size Updated
7F - Look for <DEL> Key and Get into CMOS Setup if Found
80 - About to Give Control to Optional ROM in Segment C800 to DE00 (Setup)
81 - Optional ROM Control Over
82 - Check for Printer Ports and put the Addresses in Global Data Area
83 - Check for RS232 Ports and Put the Addresses in Global Data Area
84 - Co-processor Detection Over
85 - About to Display Soft Error Messages
86 - About to Give Control to System ROM at Segment E000
87 - System ROM E000:0 Check Over
AMI Color BIOS after 2/1/91
00 - Going to Give Control to INT 19H Boot Loader
01 - Processor Register Test About to Start, and NMI to be Disabled
02 - Power On Delay Starting
03 - Any Initialization Before Keyboard BAT is in Progress
04 - Reading Keyboard SYS Bit, to Check Soft Reset/Power On
05 - Going to Enable ROM. i.e. Disable Shadow RAM/Cache if Any
06 - Calculating ROM BIOS Checksum
07 - Going to Issue the BAT Command to Keyboard Controller
08 - Going to Verify the BAT Command
09 - Keyboard Command Byte to be Written Next
0A - Going to Write Command Byte Data
0B - Going to Issue Pin-23,24 Blocking/Unblocking Command
0C - NOP Command of Keyboard Controller to be Issued Next
0D - CMOS Shutdown Register Test to be Done Next
0E - Going to Calculate CMOS Checksum, and Update DIAG Byte
0F - CMOS Initialization to begin (If "INIT CMOS IN EVERY BOOT IS SET")
10 - CMOS Status Register About to Init for Date and Time
11 - Going to Disable DMA and Interrupt Controllers
12 - About to Disable Video Display and Init Port-B
13 - Chipset Init/Auto Memory Detection About to begin
14 - 8254 Timer Test About to Start
15 - 8254 CH-2 Timer Test to be Completed
16 - 8254 CH-1 Timer Test to be Completed
17 - 8254 CH-0 Timer Test to be Completed
18 - About to Start Memory Refresh
19 - Memory Refresh Test to be Done Next
1A - Going to Check 15 Micro Second On/Off Time
1B - Base 64K Memory Test About to Start
20 - Address Line Test to be Done Next
21 - Going to do toggle Parity
22 - Going for Sequential Data R/W Test
23 - Any Setup Before Interrupt Vector Init About to Start
24 - Interrupt Vector Initialization About to begin
25 - Going to Read I/O Port of 8042 for Turbo Switch (if any)
26 - Going to Initialize Global Data for Turbo Switch
27 - Any Initialization After Interrupt Vector to be Done Next
28 - Going for Monochrome Mode Setting
29 - Going for Color Mode Setting
2A - About to go for toggle Parity Before Optional ROM Check
2B - About to do any Setup Required Before Optional Video ROM Check
2C - About to Look for Optional Video ROM and Give Control
2D - About to do any Processing after Video ROM Returns Control
2E - If EGA/VGA Not Found, Then do Display Memory R/W Test
2F - Display Memory R/W Test About to begin
30 - About to Look for the Retrace Checking
31 - About to do Alternate Display Memory R/W Test
32 - About to Look for the Alternate Display Retrace Checking
33 - Verification of Display Type with Switch Setting
and Actual Card to begin
34 - Display Mode to be Set Next
35 - BIOS ROM Data Area About to be Checked
36 - Going to Set Cursor for Power On Message
37 - Going to Display the Power On Message
38 - Going to Read New Cursor Position
39 - Going to Display the Reference String
3A - Going to Display the Hit <ESC> Message
3B - Virtual Mode Memory Test About to Start
40 - Going to Verify from Video Memory
41 - Going to Prepare the Descriptor Tables
42 - Going to Enter in Virtual Mode for Memory Test
43 - Going to Enable Interrupts for Diagnostics Mode
44 - Going to Initialize Data to Check Memory Remap at 0:0
45 - Check for Memory Remap at 0:0 and Find the total System Memory Size
46 - About to go For Writing Patterns to Test Memory
47 - Going to Write Patterns in Base 640K Memory
48 - Going to Find Out Amount of Memory Below 1M Memory
49 - Going to Find Out Amount of Memory Above 1M Memory
4A - Going for BIOS ROM Data Area Check
4B - Going to Check <ESC> and to Clear Memory Below 1M for Soft Reset
4C - Going to Clear Memory Above 1M
4D - Going to Save the Memory Size
4E - About to Display the First 64K Memory Test
4F - Going for Sequential and Random Memory Test
50 - Going to Adjust Memory Size for Relocation/Shadow
51 - Memory Test Above 1M to Follow
52 - Going to Prepare to go Back to Real Mode
53 - Going to Enter in Real Mode
54 - Going to Restore Registers Saved During Preparation for Shutdown
55 - Going to Disable Gate A20 Address Line
56 - BIOS ROM Data Area About to be Checked
57 - BIOS ROM Data Area Check to be Completed
58 - Going to Clear Hit <ESC> Message
59 - About to Start DMA and Interrupt Controller Test
60 - About to Verify from Display Memory
61 - About to go For DMA #1 Base Register Test
62 - About to go For DMA #2 Base Register Test
63 - About to go For BIOS ROM Data Area Check
64 - BIOS ROM Data Area Check to be Completed
65 - About to Program DMA Unit 1 and 2
66 - 8259 Interrpt Controller Initialization
67 - About to Start Keyboard Test
80 - About to Issue Keyboard Reset Command
81 - About to Issue Keyboard Controller Interface Test Command
82 - About to Write Command Byte and Init Circular Buffer
83 - About to Check for Lock Key
84 - About to Check for Memory Size Mismatch with CMOS
85 - About to Display Soft Error and Check for Password or Bypass Setup
86 - About to do Programming Before Setup
87 - Going to CMOS Setup Program
88 - About to do Programming After Setup
89 - Going to Display Power On Screen Message
8A - About to Display <WAIT...> Message, Mouse Check
and Initialization Next
8B - About to do Main and Video BIOS Shadow
8C - Setup Options Programming After CMOS Setup About to Start
8D - Going for Hard Disk, Floppy Reset
8E - About to go For Floppy Check
8F - Floppy Setup to Follow
90 - Test for Hard Disk Presence to be Done
91 - Hard Disk Setup to Follow
92 - About to go for BIOS ROM Data Area Check
93 - BIOS ROM Data Area Check to be Completed
94 - Going to Set Base and Extended Memory Size
95 - Going to Verify From Display Memory
96 - Going to do Any Init Before C800 Optional ROM Control
97 - Optional ROM Check and Control Will Be Done Next
98 - Give Control to Required Processing
After Optional ROM Returns Control
99 - Going to Setup Timer Data Area and Printer Base Address
9A - Going to Set the RS-232 Base Address
9B - Going to do Any Initialization Before Co-Processor Test
9C - Going to Initialize the Coprocessor Next
9D - Going to do Any Initialization After Co-Processor Test
9E - Going to Check Extd Keyboard, Keyboard ID and Num-Lock
9F - Keyboard ID Command to be Issued
A0 - Keyboard ID Flag to be Reset
A1 - Cache Memory Test to Follow
A2 - Going to Display Any Soft Errors
A3 - Going to Set the Keyboard Typematic Rate
A4 - Going to Program Memory Wait States
A5 - Screen to be Cleared Next
A6 - Going to Enable Parity and NMI
A7 - Do Initialization Required Before Giving Control
to Optional ROM at E000
A8 - E000 ROM to Get Control Next
A9 - Going to do Any Initialization Required
After E000 Optional ROM Control
AA - Going to Display the System Configuration
Post Codes for EuroBIOS v4.71
03 DMA Page registers OK
04 DMA Page registers failed
05 Keyboard did reply
06 Keyboard did not reply
07 Keyboard self-test passed
08 Keyboard self-test failed
09 8042 was able to read links
0A 8042 was unable to read links
0B RATMON/DIAG link OK
0C Keyboard accepted 60h command
0D Keyboard did not accept 60h
0E Keyboard parameter accepted
0F Keyboard parameter not accepted
10 Able to read keyboard command byte
11 Unable to read keyboard command byte
12 Keyboard command byte came back OK
13 Keyboard command byte came back corrupt
14 RAM refresh clock ticking correctly
15 RAM refresh clock not ticking correctly
16 RAM bit test passed
17 RAM bit test failed
18 RAM parity OK
19 RAM parity error
1A CMOS RAM passed
1B CMOS RAM failed
1C CMOS RAM battery OK
1D CMOS RAM battery faulty
1E CMOS RAM checksum passed
1F CMOS RAM checksum failed
20 CMOS RAM battery fault bit set
21 DMA controllers passed
22 DMA controller 1 failed
23 DMA controller 2 failed
24 Protected mode entered safely
25 RAM test completed
26 ROM checksum correct
27 ROM checksum incorrect
28 Protected mode exit successful
29 Keyboard power-up reply received
2A Keyboard power-up reply not received
2B Keyboard disable command accepted
2C Keyboard disable command not accepted
2D No video display
2E Reported errors
2F About to halt
30 Protected mode entered safely
31 RAM test complete
32 PIC 1 (master) passed
33 PIC 1 (master) failed
34 PIC 2 (slave) passed
35 PIC 2 (slave) failed
36 Chipset initialised OK
37 Chipset initilize failed
38 Shadowed BIOS OK
39 Shadowed BIOS failed
3A Shadowed video BIOS OK
3B Shadowed video BIOS failed
Q) 7.3 *I think my cache is bad. What's a good diagnostic?
===============
Ralph Valentino (ralf@chpc.org) (ralf@wpi.wpi.edu)
Hardware Engineer, Worcester Polytechnic Institute
Center for High Performance Computing, Marlborough MA
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