PDP-10.its/doc/aplogo/usage.doc

APPLE LOGO Usage documentation:

Arguments:

{word}		must evaluate to a (quoted) word or a number
{list}		must evaluate to a list
{word/list}	must evaluate to either a {word} or a {list} as defined above
{number}	must evaluate to a number or a word which is a legal number
{boolean}	must evaluate to "TRUE or "FALSE

Categories:

Quantifier		Graphics		Editor			Screen Editor
Word/List		Control			System			Workspace
Comment			Input			Output			Boolean
Infix Boolean		Filing			Exit			Arithmetic
Infix Arithmetic	Prefix Arithmetic

Command/Abbreviation/Inputs/Type:

ALL						Quantifier
BACK		BK	{number}		Graphics
BOTH			{boolean} {boolean}	Boolean
BUTFIRST	BF	{word/list}		Word/List
BUTLAST		BL	{word/list}		Word/List
CHANGE		CHG				Editor
	This is the original procedure editor. It gives the ">" prompt
	and requires END to terminate. Commands such as PO and ER are
	executed immediately, unless they are on numbered lines.
CLEAR						Output
	Clears the text screen and homes the input cursor.
CLEARINPUT					Input
	Clears the input character buffer. Useful for programs which use
	real-time keyboard input.
CLEARSCREEN	CS				Graphics
	Clears the graphics screen, homes and shows the turtle. Inititates
	graphics mode if necessary (mixed text/graphics).
CONTINUE	CO				Control
CURSOR			{number} {number}	Output
	Takes column, row as input and positions the input cursor there.
	Columns are 0-39, rows are 0-23.
DEFINE		DE	{word} {list}		Workspace
DELETE			{word}			Filing
	Deletes a file from the disk.
DIFFERENCE		{number} {number}	Arithmetic
EDIT		ED				Screen Editor
	Enters the screen editor with a given procedure.
EITHER			{boolean} {boolean}	Boolean
ELSE						Control
EMPTY?			{word/list}		Boolean
END						Editor
EQUAL?			{word/list} {word/list}	Boolean
ERASE		ER				Workspace
FIRST			{word/list}		Word/List
FORWARD		FD	{number}		Graphics
FPUT						Word/List
FULL						Graphics
	In graphics mode, gives full graphics screen. Complementary to MIX.
	Equivalent to interrupt character Control-F.
GO			{word}			Control
GOODBYE						Exit
GREATER?		{number} {number}	Boolean
HEADING						Graphics
HIDETURTLE	HT				Graphics
HOME						Graphics
IF						Control
INTEGER		INT	{number}		Arithmetic
LAST			{word/list}		Word/List
LEFT		LT	{number}		Graphics
LESS?			{number} {number}	Boolean
LIST			Variable number of {word/list}'s - 2 default   Word/List
LIST?			{word/list}		Boolean
LPUT			{word/list} {list}	Word/List
MAKE			{word} {word/list}	Workspace
MIX						Graphics
	In graphics mode, gives mixed text/graphics screen. Complementary to
	FULL. Equivalent to interrupt character Control-L.
NAMES						Quantifier
NODISPLAY	ND				Graphics
	Exits graphics mode, giving a clear text page with the cursor homed.
NOT			{boolean}		Boolean
NUMBER?			{word/list}		Boolean
OUTPUT		OP	{word/list}		Control
PAUSE						Control
	Stops execution and allows input to be evaluated. Equivalent to interrupt
	character Control-Z. Execution is resumed with CONTINUE, provided no errors
	have occured.
PENDOWN		PD				Graphics
PENUP		PU				Graphics
POTS						Workspace
PRINT		PR	Variable number of {word/list}'s - 1 default   Output
PRINT1			Variable number of {word/list}'s - 1 default   Output
	Like PRINT, but does not terminate the output line.
PRINTOUT	PO				Workspace
PROCEDURES					Quantifier
PRODUCT			{number} {number}	Arithmetic
QUOTIENT		{number} {number}	Arithmetic
RANDOM						Arithmetic
	Returns a random number 0-9. Identical seeds will give repeatable
	sequences of random numbers. See RANDOMIZE.
RANDOMIZE					Arithmetic
	Randomizes the seed for RANDOM. The seed can also be initialized
	in certain cases by depositing into the RNDL and RNDH memory locations.
READ			{word}			Filing
	Reads a file from disk. See the Filing comments. Destroys any graphics
	display.
READCHARACTER	RC				Input
	Outputs the least recent character in the character buffer, or if empty,
	waits for an input character.
REPEAT			{number} {list}		Control
REQUEST		RQ				Input
RETRIEVE					Screen Editor
	Re-enters the editor with the previous buffer's contents if they are still
	retrievable (i.e., no graphics or filing has been done since the last
	screen editor session, provided there was a previous one). Useful if
	an error occurred while the contents of the edit buffer were being evaluated.
RIGHT		RT	{number}		Graphics
RUN			{list}			Control
SAVE			{word}			Filing
	Saves the contents of the workspace on disk. See the Filing comments. Destroys
	any graphics display.
SENTENCE	SE	Variable number of {word/list}'s - 2 default   Word/List
SETHEADING	SETH	{number}		Graphics
SETTURTLE	SETT	{list}			Graphics
	Sets the turtle according to a variable-length list of elements. First
	element is XCOR, then YCOR, then HEADING, then "TRUE or "FALSE for
	show or hide turtle, then "TRUE or "FALSE for pen down or pen up.
	Complementary to TURTLESTATE.
SETX			{number}		Graphics
SETXY			{number} {number}	Graphics
SETY			{number}		Graphics
SHOWTURTLE	ST				Graphics
STOP						Control
SUM			{number} {number}	Arithmetic
TEXT			{word}			Workspace
THEN						Control
THING			{word}			Workspace
THING?			{word}			Boolean
TITLE		TI				Editor
TITLES						Quantifier
TO						Screen Editor
	Procedure definition primitive. Enters the Screen Editor. Destroys
	any graphics display.
TRACEBACK	TB				Debugging
TURTLESTATE	TS				Graphics
	Returns a list of five elements. First is XCOR, then YCOR, then HEADING,
	then "TRUE or "FALSE for shown or hidden turtle, then "TRUE or "FALSE for
	pen down or pen up. Complementary to SETTURTLE.
WORD			Variable number of {word}'s - 2 default		Word/List
WORD?			{word/list}		Boolean
XCOR						Graphics
YCOR						Graphics
(						Syntax
)						Syntax
*		{number} * {number}		Infix Arithmetic
+		{number} + {number}		Infix Arithmetic
		+ {number}			Prefix Arithmetic
-		{number} - {number}		Infix Arithmetic
		- {number}			Prefix Arithmetic
.BPT						System
	Breaks out of LOGO into the LOGO monitor. See the LOGO Monitor comments.
	Control-B breaks from LOGO monitor into ROM Monitor, and then another
	Control-B will enter BASIC. The RESET key should be pressed upon entering
	BASIC after using LOGO, to reinitialize certain BASIC parameters.
.CALL			{number}		System
	Calls a machine language subroutine anyplace in memory, which is expected
	to do an RTS or a JMP to the POPJ label.
.DEPOSIT		{number} {number}	System
	Deposits byte of data at a memory location.
.EXAMINE		{number}		System
	Returns the value of the byte at the specified address.
.GCOLL						System
.NODES						System
/		{number} / {number}		Infix Arithmetic
;						Comment
<		{number} < {number}		Infix Boolean
=		{word/list} = {word/list}	Infix Boolean
>		{number} > {number}		Infix Boolean

Interrupt characters:

Control-G	Stops execution and returns control to toplevel.
Control-Z	Stops execution and allows input to be evaluated (see PAUSE).
Control-S	Stops screen output - typing any character will resume output.
Control-F	In graphics mode, displays a full screen of graphics (see FULL).
Control-L	In graphics mode, displays a mixed text/graphics screen (see MIX).