PDP-10.klh10/doc/dvhost.txt

/* DVHOST.TXT - The special HOST device
*/
/* $Id: dvhost.txt,v 2.3 2001/11/10 21:24:21 klh Exp $
*/
/*  Copyright © 1997-1999, 2001 Kenneth L. Harrenstien
**  All Rights Reserved
**
**  This file is part of the KLH10 Distribution.  Use, modification, and
**  re-distribution is permitted subject to the terms in the file
**  named "LICENSE", which contains the full text of the legal notices
**  and should always accompany this Distribution.
*/

THE "HOST" DEVICE

	This is not a real device, nor is it anything that ever
existed on a real PDP-10.  Rather, it is a pseudo-device which serves
as a simple API to request services or information from the emulator.
It is called "HOST" to emphasize that its status or I/O represents
communication with the native host platform that the emulator is
running on.


"HOST" DEVICE CONFIGURATION

	As for other devices, the DEVDEFINE command must be used
(typically as a line in "klh10.ini") to associate the HOST device with
either a unibus address (for the KS10) or a PDP-10 device number (for
all other models).  This needs to be a device number or address that
is not otherwise used by something else, and any monitor modifications
that refer to this device must use the same number or address.

    KL10 example:

		devdefine idler 700 host	; PDP-10 device 700

	where "host" specifies the HOST device; "idler" is a name
	of your own choosing, and 700 is simply a device number that
	does not conflict with any standard DEC devices.

    KS10 example:

	devdef idler ub3 host addr=777000

	where "host" specifies the HOST device; "idler" is a name
	of your own choosing, and "ub3" plus "addr=777000" specifies
	a unibus address that should not conflict with any standard
	DEC devices.

There are currently no configuration parameters associated with the HOST
device, and only one such device can be defined.


KL10 "HOST" DEVICE USAGE

	Although any of the four basic PDP-10 I/O instructions (CONI,
CONO, DATAI, DATAO) can be used with this device, only one specific
instance is currently meaningful, and its use is very simple.

    IDLE FUNCTION:	CONO <hstdev>,1

	The emulator process will enter an "idle" state with respect to the
	host system, until a PI (priority interrupt) event occurs.  During
	this state no host CPU time is consumed emulating PDP-10 instructions,
	although device subprocesses are still free to run.  Instruction
	execution will resume with a dispatch to the appropriate PI
	interrupt handler, which should eventually return to the next
	instruction following the CONO.

All other I/O instructions will behave as if the device was
non-existent.  A CONO with an E != 1 will be a no-op, as will DATAO;
CONI and DATAI simply read a zero word.  However, new functions can
obviously be readily added as the need arises.


KS10 "HOST" DEVICE USAGE

	To invoke the "idle function" on the KS10, just write the
value "1" to the device's unibus address.  The exact IO instruction
used to do this should not matter.


MONITOR PATCHES FOR THE "IDLE" FUNCTION:

	In order to effectively use the HOST "idle" function, you must
determine the right place to patch your monitor to use it -- the point
in the scheduler where the system decides there isn't anything it can
do and begins to run the "null job".

For a TOPS-20 V7 monitor the most appropriate patch is to replace the
instruction at SCDNL1-1 in SCHED.MAC (a JRST SCDNL2) with the "IDLE"
function instruction.  In context:

		SCDNUL:	SETOM NULJBF
		SCDNL2:	    ...
			<null job stuff>
			JRST SCDNL1	; Something to do.
			JRST SCDNL2	; Replace with CONO <hstdev>,1
					; which will fall through when there's
					; any PI activity.
		SCDNL1:	<start of sched cycle>
			...

For a TOPS-10 monitor I would suggest replacing the instruction at
NULCOD+1 in CLOCK1.MAC (a SOJG 6,1) with the "IDLE" function
instruction.  However, this has not been well tested and there may be
a more appropriate place. See Appendix A (below) for one way to do this.

You can verify whether this function is working by observing the
process CPU usage on the host system.  As long as the KN10 is not
running the monitor's null job, the emulator will be using as much CPU
time as possible -- as much as 95% on an otherwise lightly loaded
single-CPU system.  But when the monitor has nothing to run and the
KN10 is effectively idle, the emulator's CPU usage should drop to
perhaps 5%.  It will never be completely zero because all monitors
always maintain a clock interrupt that drives periodic updates and
scheduler checks.

Appendix A

Patching the TOPS-10 monitor

# Patch of :system.exe[1,4]
# Info at: https://alt.sys.pdp10.narkive.com/UCpN700h/how-to-rebuild-tops10-rel
# Replace "SOJG 6,1" to "CONO 740,1"
LOGIN 1,2
SET TTY VT100
.copy tops10.exe=dskb:system.exe[1,4]
.r filddt
File: tops10.exe/p
[Patching file DSKB:TOPS10.EXE[1,2]]
[36539 symbols loaded from file]
[ACs copied from CRSHAC to 0-17]
NULCOD+1/ SOJG W,P CONO 740,1
^Z
.rename [1,4].=tops10.exe
Files renamed:
DSKB:TOPS10.EXE
.kjob
^
quit

Notes: While on same line, after it displays: SOJG W,P
type in on same line without pressing spacebar: CONO 740,1
hit enter, CTRL Z to save and exit.

Add this to your klh10 startup ini:
vi twonky2.ini, and add this line after the last devdef:
;To keep host cpu% for kn-10, apply the patch and use this line below.
devdefine idler 740 host

Then apply patch everytime you boot up by typing TOPS10.EXE at the first BOOT>
./kn10-kl twonky2.ini
KLH10> go
Starting KN10 at loc 0703667...
BOOT V4(100)

BOOT>TOPS10.EXE
[Loading from DSKB:TOPS10.EXE[1,4]]