mirror of
https://github.com/livingcomputermuseum/ContrAlto.git
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714 lines
25 KiB
C#
714 lines
25 KiB
C#
using System;
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using System.IO;
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using Contralto.Logging;
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using Contralto.CPU;
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namespace Contralto.IO
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{
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public class DiskController
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{
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public DiskController(AltoSystem system)
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{
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_system = system;
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// Load the drives
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_drives = new DiabloDrive[2];
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_drives[0] = new DiabloDrive(_system);
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_drives[1] = new DiabloDrive(_system);
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Reset();
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// According to docs, on a Write, eventually it appears on the Read side during an actual write to the disk
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/// but not right away.
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/// </summary>
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public ushort KDATA
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{
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get
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{
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_debugRead = false;
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return _kDataRead;
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}
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set
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{
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_kDataWrite = value;
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_kDataWriteLatch = true;
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}
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}
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public ushort KADR
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{
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get { return _kAdr; }
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set
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{
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_kAdr = value;
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_recNo = 0;
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_syncWordWritten = false;
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// "In addition, it causes the head address bit to be loaded from KDATA[13]."
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int newHead = (_kDataWrite & 0x4) >> 2;
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SelectedDrive.Head = newHead;
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// "0 normally, 1 if the command is to terminate immediately after the correct cylinder
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// position is reached (before any data is transferred)."
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_dataXfer = (_kAdr & 0x2) != 0x2;
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Log.Write(LogComponent.DiskController, "KADR set to {0} (Header {1}, Label {2}, Data {3}, Xfer {4}, Drive {5})",
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Conversion.ToOctal(_kAdr),
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Conversion.ToOctal((_kAdr & 0xc0) >> 6),
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Conversion.ToOctal((_kAdr & 0x30) >> 4),
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Conversion.ToOctal((_kAdr & 0xc) >> 2),
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_dataXfer,
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_kAdr & 0x1);
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Log.Write(LogComponent.DiskController, " -Disk Address ({0}) is C/H/S {1}/{2}/{3}, Drive {4} Restore {5}",
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Conversion.ToOctal(_kDataWrite),
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(_kDataWrite & 0x0ff8) >> 3,
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newHead,
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(_kDataWrite & 0xf000) >> 12,
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(_kDataWrite & 0x2) >> 1,
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(_kDataWrite & 0x1));
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Log.Write(LogComponent.DiskController, " -Selected disk is {0}", _disk);
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if ((_kDataWrite & 0x1) != 0)
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{
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// Restore operation to cyl. 0:
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InitSeek(0);
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}
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}
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}
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public ushort KCOM
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{
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get { return _kCom; }
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set
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{
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_kCom = value;
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// Read control bits (pg. 47 of hw manual)
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_xferOff = (_kCom & 0x10) == 0x10;
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_wdInhib = (_kCom & 0x08) == 0x08;
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_bClkSource = (_kCom & 0x04) == 0x04;
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_wffo = (_kCom & 0x02) == 0x02;
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_sendAdr = (_kCom & 0x01) == 0x01;
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_diskBitCounterEnable = _wffo;
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// Update WDINIT state based on _wdInhib.
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if (_wdInhib)
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{
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_wdInit = true;
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}
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if (_sendAdr & (_kDataWrite & 0x2) != 0)
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{
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// Select disk if _sendAdr is true
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_disk = (_kAdr & 0x1);
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_seeking = false;
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// Clear the NOTREADY flag depending on whether the drive is loaded or not
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if (_drives[_disk].IsLoaded)
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{
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_kStat &= (ushort)~NOTREADY;
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}
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else
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{
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_kStat |= NOTREADY;
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}
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}
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}
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Used by the DiskTask code to check the WDINIT signal for dispatch.
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/// </summary>
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public bool WDINIT
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{
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get { return _wdInit; }
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set { _wdInit = value; }
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}
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public ushort KSTAT
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{
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get
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{
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// Bits 4-7 of KSTAT are always 1s (it's a shortcut allowing the disk microcode to write
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// "-1" to bits 4-7 of the disk status word at 522 without extra code.)
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return (ushort)(_kStat | (0x0f00));
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}
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set
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{
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_kStat = value;
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}
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}
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public ushort RECNO
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{
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get { return _recMap[_recNo]; }
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}
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public bool DataXfer
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{
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get { return _dataXfer; }
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}
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public int Cylinder
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{
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get { return SelectedDrive.Cylinder; }
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}
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public int SeekCylinder
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{
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get { return _destCylinder; }
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}
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public int Head
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{
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get { return SelectedDrive.Head; }
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}
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public int Sector
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{
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get { return SelectedDrive.Sector; }
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}
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public int Drive
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{
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get { return _disk; }
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}
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public double ClocksUntilNextSector
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{
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get { return 0; } // _sectorClocks - _elapsedSectorTime; }
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}
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public bool Ready
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{
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get
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{
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// This is the SRWREADY signal, generated by the drive itself.
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// This is true if the drive is:
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// - powered on, loaded with a disk, spun up
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// - not actively seeking
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return _drives[_disk].IsLoaded && !_seeking;
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}
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}
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public bool FatalError
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{
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get
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{
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//
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// A fatal error is signaled when any of:
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// - SECLATE
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// - A seek error
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// - Drive not ready
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// Is true.
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// (In reality the logic is a bit more complicated,
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// but this is sufficient.)
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//
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return (_kStat & SECLATE) != 0 ||
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(_kStat & SEEKFAIL) != 0 ||
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(_kStat & NOTREADY) != 0;
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}
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}
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public DiabloDrive[] Drives
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{
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get { return _drives; }
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}
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public void Reset()
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{
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ClearStatus();
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_recNo = 0;
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_sector = 0;
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_disk = 0;
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_kStat = 0;
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_kDataRead = 0;
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_kDataWrite = 0;
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_kDataWriteLatch = false;
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_sendAdr = false;
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_seeking = false;
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_wdInhib = true;
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_xferOff = true;
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_wdInit = false;
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_syncWordWritten = false;
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_diskBitCounterEnable = false;
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_sectorWordIndex = 0;
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// Reset drives
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_drives[0].Reset();
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_drives[1].Reset();
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// Create events to be reused during execution
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// Schedule the first sector immediately.
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_sectorEvent = new Event(0, null, SectorCallback);
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_wordEvent = new Event(_wordDuration, null, WordCallback);
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_seclateEvent = new Event(_seclateDuration, null, SeclateCallback);
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_seekEvent = new Event(_seekDuration, null, SeekCallback);
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// And schedule the first sector pulse.
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_system.Scheduler.Schedule(_sectorEvent);
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Allows the Disk Sector task to disable the SECLATE signal.
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/// </summary>
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public void DisableSeclate()
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{
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_seclateEnable = false;
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}
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private void SectorCallback(ulong timeNsec, ulong skewNsec, object context)
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{
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//
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// Next sector; move to next sector and wake up Disk Sector task.
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//
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_sector = (_sector + 1) % 12;
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_kStat = (ushort)((_kStat & 0x0fff) | (_sector << 12));
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// Reset internal state machine for sector data
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_sectorWordIndex = 0;
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_syncWordWritten = false;
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_kDataRead = 0;
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// Load new sector in
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SelectedDrive.Sector = _sector;
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// Only wake up if not actively seeking.
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if ((_kStat & STROBE) == 0)
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{
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Log.Write(LogType.Verbose, LogComponent.DiskController, "Waking up sector task for C/H/S {0}/{1}/{2}", SelectedDrive.Cylinder, SelectedDrive.Head, _sector);
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Log.Write(LogType.Verbose, LogComponent.DiskController, "KADR is {0}", Conversion.ToOctal(_kAdr));
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Log.Write(LogType.Verbose, LogComponent.DiskController, "KDATA is {0}", Conversion.ToOctal(_kDataWrite));
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_system.CPU.WakeupTask(CPU.TaskType.DiskSector);
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// Reset SECLATE
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_seclate = false;
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_seclateEnable = true;
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_kStat &= (ushort)~SECLATE;
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// Schedule a disk word wakeup to spin the disk
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_wordEvent.TimestampNsec = _wordDuration;
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_system.Scheduler.Schedule(_wordEvent);
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// Schedule SECLATE trigger
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_seclateEvent.TimestampNsec = _seclateDuration;
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_system.Scheduler.Schedule(_seclateEvent);
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}
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else
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{
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// Schedule next sector pulse
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_sectorEvent.TimestampNsec = _sectorDuration - skewNsec;
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_system.Scheduler.Schedule(_sectorEvent);
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}
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}
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private void WordCallback(ulong timeNsec, ulong skewNsec, object context)
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{
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SpinDisk();
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// Schedule next word if this wasn't the last word this sector.
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if (_sectorWordIndex < _sectorWordCount)
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{
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_wordEvent.TimestampNsec = _wordDuration - skewNsec;
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_system.Scheduler.Schedule(_wordEvent);
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}
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else
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{
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// Schedule next sector pulse immediately
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_sectorEvent.TimestampNsec = skewNsec;
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_system.Scheduler.Schedule(_sectorEvent);
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}
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}
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private void SeclateCallback(ulong timeNsec, ulong skewNsec, object context)
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{
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if (_seclateEnable)
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{
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_seclate = true;
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_kStat |= SECLATE;
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Log.Write(LogComponent.DiskSectorTask, "SECLATE for sector {0}.", _sector);
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}
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}
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public void ClearStatus()
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{
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// "...clears KSTAT[13]." (chksum error flag)
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_kStat &= 0xff4b;
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}
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public void IncrementRecord()
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{
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// "Advances the shift registers holding the KADR register so that they present the number and read/write/check status of the
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// next record to the hardware."
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// "RECORD" in this context indicates the sector field corresponding to the 2 bit "action" field in the KADR register
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// (i.e. one of Header, Label, or Data.)
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// INCRECNO shifts the data over two bits to select from Header->Label->Data.
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_kAdr = (ushort)(_kAdr << 2);
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_recNo++;
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_syncWordWritten = false;
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if (_recNo > 3)
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{
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// sanity check for now
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throw new InvalidOperationException("Unexpected INCRECORD past rec 3.");
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}
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}
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public void Strobe()
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{
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//
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// "Initiates a disk seek operation. The KDATA register must have been loaded previously,
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// and the SENDADR bit of the KCOMM register previously set to 1."
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//
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// sanity check: see if SENDADR bit is set, if not we'll signal an error (since I'm trusting that
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// the official Xerox uCode is doing the right thing, this will help ferret out emulation issues.
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// eventually this can be removed.)
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if (!_sendAdr)
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{
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throw new InvalidOperationException("STROBE while SENDADR bit of KCOM not 1. Unexpected.");
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}
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Log.Write(LogComponent.DiskController, "STROBE: Seek initialized.");
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InitSeek((_kDataWrite & 0x0ff8) >> 3);
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}
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private void InitSeek(int destCylinder)
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{
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//
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// Set "seek fail" bit based on selected cylinder (if out of bounds) and do not
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// commence a seek if so.
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if (destCylinder > SelectedDrive.Pack.Geometry.Cylinders - 1)
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{
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_kStat |= SEEKFAIL;
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Log.Write(LogComponent.DiskController, "Seek failed, specified cylinder {0} is out of range.", destCylinder);
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_seeking = false;
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}
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else if (destCylinder != SelectedDrive.Cylinder)
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{
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// Otherwise, start a seek.
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_destCylinder = destCylinder;
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// Clear the fail bit.
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_kStat &= (ushort)~SEEKFAIL;
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// Set seek bit
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_kStat |= STROBE;
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_seeking = true;
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// And figure out how long this will take.
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_seekDuration = 0; // (ulong)(CalculateSeekTime() / (ulong)(Math.Abs(_destCylinder - SelectedDrive.Cylinder) + 1));
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_seekEvent.TimestampNsec = _seekDuration;
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_system.Scheduler.Schedule(_seekEvent);
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Log.Write(LogComponent.DiskController, "Seek to {0} from {1} commencing. Will take {2} nsec.", _destCylinder, SelectedDrive.Cylinder, _seekDuration);
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}
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else
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{
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// Clear the fail bit.
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_kStat &= (ushort)~SEEKFAIL;
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Log.Write(LogComponent.DiskController, "Seek is a no op ({0} to {1}).", destCylinder, SelectedDrive.Cylinder);
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}
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// "Rotates" the emulated disk platter one clock's worth.
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/// </summary>
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private void SpinDisk()
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{
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//
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// Roughly: If transfer is enabled:
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// Select data word based on elapsed time in this sector.
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// On a new word, wake up the disk word task if not inhibited.
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//
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// If transfer is not enabled BUT the disk word task is enabled,
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// we will still wake up the disk word task if the appropriate clock
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// source is selected.
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//
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// We simulate the movement of a sector under the heads by dividing
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// the sector into word-sized timeslices. Not all of these slices
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// will actually contain valid data -- some are empty, used by the microcode
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// for lead-in or inter-record delays, but the slices are still used to
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// keep things in line time-wise; the real hardware uses a crystal-controlled clock
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// to generate these slices during these periods (and the clock comes from the
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// disk itself when actual data is present). For our purposes, the two clocks
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// are one and the same.
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//
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//
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// Pick out the word that just passed under the head. This may not be
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// actual data (it could be the pre-header delay, inter-record gaps or sync words)
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// and we may not actually end up doing anything with it, but we may
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// need it to decide whether to do anything at all.
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//
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DataCell diskWord = SelectedDrive.ReadWord(_sectorWordIndex);
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bool bWakeup = false;
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//
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// If the word task is enabled AND the write ("crystal") clock is enabled
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// then we will wake up the word task now.
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//
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if (!_seclate && !_wdInhib && !_bClkSource)
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{
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bWakeup = true;
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}
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//
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// If the clock is enabled OR the WFFO bit is set (go ahead and run the bit clock)
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// and we weren't late reading this sector, then we will wake up the word task
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// and read in the data if transfers are not inhibited.
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//
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if (!_seclate && (_wffo || _diskBitCounterEnable))
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{
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if (!_xferOff)
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{
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if (!IsWrite())
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{
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// Read operation:
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// Debugging: on a read/check, if we are overwriting a word that was never read by the
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// microcode via KDATA, log it.
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if (_debugRead)
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{
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Log.Write(LogType.Warning, LogComponent.DiskController, "--- missed sector word {0}({1}) ---", _sectorWordIndex, _kDataRead);
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}
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Log.Write(LogType.Verbose, LogComponent.DiskWordTask, "Sector {0} Word {1} read into KDATA", _sector, Conversion.ToOctal(diskWord.Data));
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_kDataRead = diskWord.Data;
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_debugRead = diskWord.Type == CellType.Data;
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}
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else
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{
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// Write
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Log.Write(LogType.Verbose, LogComponent.DiskController, "Sector {0} Word {1} (rec {2}) to be written with {3} from KDATA", _sector, _sectorWordIndex, _recNo, Conversion.ToOctal(_kDataWrite));
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if (_kDataWriteLatch)
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{
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_kDataRead = _kDataWrite;
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_kDataWriteLatch = false;
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}
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if (_syncWordWritten)
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{
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// Commit actual data to disk now that the sync word has been laid down
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SelectedDrive.WriteWord(_sectorWordIndex, _kDataWrite);
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}
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}
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}
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if (!_wdInhib)
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{
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bWakeup = true;
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}
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}
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//
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// If the WFFO bit is cleared (wait for the sync word to be read)
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// then we check the word for a "1" (the sync word) to enable
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// the clock. This occurs late in the cycle so that the NEXT word
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// (not the sync word) is actually read.
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//
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if (!IsWrite() && !_wffo && diskWord.Data == 1)
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{
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_diskBitCounterEnable = true;
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}
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else if (IsWrite() && _wffo && _kDataWrite == 1 && !_syncWordWritten)
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{
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Log.Write(LogType.Normal, LogComponent.DiskController, "Sector {0} Sync Word {1} (rec {2}) written.", _sector, _sectorWordIndex, _recNo);
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_syncWordWritten = true;
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// "Adjust" the write index to the start of the data area for the current record.
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// This is cheating.
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switch (_recNo)
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{
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case 0:
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_sectorWordIndex = _headerOffset;
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break;
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case 1:
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_sectorWordIndex = _labelOffset;
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break;
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case 2:
|
|
_sectorWordIndex = _dataOffset;
|
|
break;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (bWakeup)
|
|
{
|
|
Log.Write(LogType.Verbose, LogComponent.DiskWordTask, "Word task awoken for word {0}.", _sectorWordIndex);
|
|
_system.CPU.WakeupTask(TaskType.DiskWord);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// Last, move to the next word.
|
|
_sectorWordIndex++;
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
private bool IsWrite()
|
|
{
|
|
return ((_kAdr & 0x00c0) >> 6) == 2 || ((_kAdr & 0x00c0) >> 6) == 3;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
private void SeekCallback(ulong timeNsec, ulong skewNsec, object context)
|
|
{
|
|
if (SelectedDrive.Cylinder < _destCylinder)
|
|
{
|
|
SelectedDrive.Cylinder++;
|
|
}
|
|
else if (SelectedDrive.Cylinder > _destCylinder)
|
|
{
|
|
SelectedDrive.Cylinder--;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
Log.Write(LogComponent.DiskController, "Seek progress: cylinder {0} reached.", SelectedDrive.Cylinder);
|
|
|
|
// Are we *there* yet?
|
|
if (SelectedDrive.Cylinder == _destCylinder)
|
|
{
|
|
// clear Seek bit
|
|
_kStat &= (ushort)~STROBE;
|
|
_seeking = false;
|
|
|
|
Log.Write(LogComponent.DiskController, "Seek to {0} completed.", SelectedDrive.Cylinder);
|
|
}
|
|
else
|
|
{
|
|
// Nope.
|
|
// Schedule next seek step.
|
|
_seekEvent.TimestampNsec = _seekDuration - skewNsec;
|
|
_system.Scheduler.Schedule(_seekEvent);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
private ulong CalculateSeekTime()
|
|
{
|
|
// How many cylinders are we moving?
|
|
int dt = Math.Abs(_destCylinder - SelectedDrive.Cylinder);
|
|
|
|
//
|
|
// From the Hardware Manual, pg 43:
|
|
// "Seek time (approx.): 15 + 8.6 * sqrt(dt) (msec)
|
|
//
|
|
//double seekTimeMsec = 15.0 + 8.6 * Math.Sqrt(dt);
|
|
double seekTimeMsec = 1.0; // why not just have this be fast for now.
|
|
|
|
return (ulong)(seekTimeMsec * Conversion.MsecToNsec);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
private DiabloDrive SelectedDrive
|
|
{
|
|
get { return _drives[_disk]; }
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
private ushort _kDataRead;
|
|
private ushort _kDataWrite;
|
|
private bool _kDataWriteLatch;
|
|
private ushort _kAdr;
|
|
private ushort _kCom;
|
|
private ushort _kStat;
|
|
|
|
private int _recNo;
|
|
private ushort[] _recMap =
|
|
{
|
|
0, 2, 3, 1
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
// KCOM bits
|
|
private bool _xferOff;
|
|
private bool _wdInhib;
|
|
private bool _bClkSource;
|
|
private bool _wffo;
|
|
private bool _sendAdr;
|
|
|
|
// Transfer bit
|
|
private bool _dataXfer;
|
|
|
|
// Current sector
|
|
private int _sector;
|
|
|
|
//
|
|
// Seek state
|
|
//
|
|
private int _destCylinder;
|
|
private ulong _seekDuration;
|
|
private Event _seekEvent;
|
|
private bool _seeking;
|
|
|
|
// Selected disk
|
|
private int _disk;
|
|
|
|
// bit clock flag
|
|
private bool _diskBitCounterEnable;
|
|
|
|
// WDINIT signal
|
|
private bool _wdInit;
|
|
|
|
private bool _syncWordWritten;
|
|
|
|
// Sector timing. Based on table on pg. 43 of the Alto Hardware Manual
|
|
|
|
// From altoconsts23.mu: [all constants in octal, for reference]
|
|
// $MFRRDL $177757; DISK HEADER READ DELAY IS 21 WORDS
|
|
// $MFR0BL $177744; DISK HEADER PREAMBLE IS 34 WORDS <<-- used for writing
|
|
// $MIRRDL $177774; DISK INTERRECORD READ DELAY IS 4 WORDS
|
|
// $MIR0BL $177775; DISK INTERRECORD PREAMBLE IS 3 WORDS <<-- writing
|
|
// $MRPAL $177775; DISK READ POSTAMBLE LENGTH IS 3 WORDS
|
|
// $MWPAL $177773; DISK WRITE POSTAMBLE LENGTH IS 5 WORDS <<-- writing, clearly.
|
|
private static double _scale = 1.75;
|
|
private static ulong _sectorDuration = (ulong)((40.0 / 12.0) * Conversion.MsecToNsec * _scale); // time in nsec for one sector
|
|
private static int _sectorWordCount = 269 + 22 + 34; // Based on : 269 data words (+ cksums) / sector, + X words for delay / preamble / sync
|
|
private static ulong _wordDuration = (ulong)((_sectorDuration / (ulong)(_sectorWordCount)) * _scale); // time in nsec for one word
|
|
private int _sectorWordIndex; // current word being read
|
|
|
|
private Event _sectorEvent;
|
|
private Event _wordEvent;
|
|
|
|
|
|
// offsets in words for start of data in sector
|
|
private const int _headerOffset = 22;
|
|
private const int _labelOffset = _headerOffset + 14;
|
|
private const int _dataOffset = _labelOffset + 20;
|
|
|
|
// SECLATE data.
|
|
// 8.5uS for seclate delay (approx. 50 clocks)
|
|
private static ulong _seclateDuration = (ulong)(20.0 * Conversion.UsecToNsec * _scale);
|
|
private bool _seclateEnable;
|
|
private bool _seclate;
|
|
private Event _seclateEvent;
|
|
|
|
// Attached drives
|
|
private DiabloDrive[] _drives;
|
|
|
|
private AltoSystem _system;
|
|
|
|
private bool _debugRead;
|
|
|
|
// KSTAT bitfields
|
|
public static readonly ushort SECLATE = 0x10;
|
|
public static readonly ushort NOTREADY = 0x20;
|
|
public static readonly ushort STROBE = 0x40;
|
|
public static readonly ushort SEEKFAIL = 0x80;
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
}
|