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Code Issues Releases Wiki Activity

Commit wiki updates for release 1.01.

Paul Kimpel
2018-10-28 09:33:53 -07:00
parent 37ba5ce242
commit d23967162b
1 changed files with 35 additions and 31 deletions
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UsingTheSPOAndPaperTape.md

@@ -15,7 +15,9 @@ The emulator models the printer using a window similar to this:
![220 SPO and Teletype](images/SPO-Teletype.png)
The print area has a default width of 72 columns, although this can be changed on the control panel as discussed below. Printing beyond the configured width will cause the printer to perform a new-line operation automatically. The printer counts lines as it prints. Printing a form-feed character will cause the printer to slew to the top of the next page. Pages are considered to consist of 66 lines (11 inches at six lines per inch).
The print area has a default width of 72 columns, although this can be changed on the control panel as discussed below. Printing beyond the configured width will cause the printer to perform a new-line operation automatically.
Printing a 220 form-feed character will cause the printer to terminate the current line, insert an ASCII form-feed character at the beginning of the next line, and if the print position was not at the left margin when the form-feed was received, insert sufficient spaces on the new line to restore the current print position. This emulates the behavior of a form-feed on a teletype, which would only slew paper and not move the print head. The form feed will appear as an ordinary new-line in the teletype window, but if the text of the paper area is saved or printed (see below), the ASCII form-feed character will accompany the text.
The printer window can be resized like any other window, and the "paper" area will resize with it. Lines that scroll off the visible portion of the paper area are retained in memory, and can be viewed by scrolling back the paper area. The maximum capacity of the paper area is 15,000 lines (about 225 pages -- 25 hours of printing). Exceeding this capacity will cause the oldest lines to be discarded.
@@ -82,7 +84,35 @@ The progress bar can also be used to unload the reader. With the **REMOTE/LOCAL*
At the bottom of the window is a white area. As the reader is operating, the data being read will scroll from right to left in this area.
### Paper Tape File Format
### Loading a Paper Tape Image File
To load a file representing a paper tape into the reader, do the following:
1. Place the **REMOTE/LOCAL** switch in the **LOCAL** position.
1. Click the **Browse...** or **Choose File...** button on the window's file picker control and select the desired file from your local file system. You can also select multiple files at one time. The content of all of those files will be concatenated in the reader, although the order in which they will appear depends on the browser and operating system. You can also use the file picker multiple times to load a sequence of files, one at a time, into the reader. Once the files are loaded, the data acts as if the tapes had been spliced, and looks to the system like one long tape.
1. Place the **REMOTE/LOCAL** switch in the **REMOTE** position.
1. If desired, change the setting of the **SPEED** switch.
1. Set the **UNIT DESIGNATE** to the desired unit number.
The last two steps can be performed at any time and in any sequence.
## Paper-Tape Punch Units
As mentioned above, the 220 could support any combination of up to 10 teletype printers and paper-tape punches. The punch operated at 60 characters per second.
![220 High-Speed Paper-Tape Punch](images/PaperTapePunch.png)
The emulator's representation of the punch is very simple. The **REMOTE/LOCAL** switch controls whether the punch is on or off line. The blue **READY** lamp will be lit when the punch is on line. The emulator always initializes the punch in **REMOTE** mode.
The **UNIT DESIGNATE** pull-down list specifies the unit number to which the punch will respond. The list has an additional selection, **OFF**, which effectively places the punch off line.
The emulator's high-speed punch works very similar to the "paper" area of the teletype printer, except that data is output one word per line and the sign digit is output as a decimal digit rather than "+" or "-". Output from the punch can be saved and then used as input to the paper-tape reader. You can resize the punch window as desired and the "paper" area will resize with it.
To save or print the contents of the output "tape," do the same as for the teletype printers -- double-click anywhere in the text of the "paper" area and a new, temporary window will pop up. The text in the area will be moved to that temporary window, from which you can save or print the data. The punch has a capacity of 15,000 lines (words). When output exceeds this limit, the oldest lines will be discarded.
## Paper Tape File Format
You prepare a "paper tape" for the emulator as an ordinary text file. Each line in the file represents one word to be read by the system. New-lines are interpreted as end-of-word characters. If a file does not end with a new-line, the end-of-file acts as end-of-word. A new-line may be:
@@ -124,37 +154,11 @@ A tape image file with mixed numeric and alphanumeric words looks like this:
Non-printing control characters are represented by certain ASCII substitutions:
* `|` translates to carriage-return (code 16)
* `~` translates to horizontal tab (code 26)
* `_` translates to the "blank" (non-printing) character (code 02)
* `^` translates to form-feed (code 15).
* `|` translates to carriage-return (code 16)
* `~` translates to horizontal tab (code 26)
The 220 could read paper tapes in two formats. The standard format illustrated above read the sign as the first digit of a word, followed by the digits or characters from highest to lowest sequence. The "inverse" format read the sign as the last digit of a word. This format was implemented for compatibility with certain types of paper-tape equipment. Because the sign is read last in the inverse format, alphanumeric translation is not possible.
### Loading a Paper Tape Image File
To load a file representing a paper tape into the reader, do the following:
1. Place the **REMOTE/LOCAL** switch in the **LOCAL** position.
1. Click the **Browse...** or **Choose File...** button on the window's file picker control and select the desired file from your local file system. You can also select multiple files at one time. The content of all of those files will be concatenated in the reader, although the order in which they will appear depends on the browser and operating system. You can also use the file picker multiple times to load a sequence of files, one at a time, into the reader. Once the files are loaded, the data acts as if the tapes had been spliced, and looks to the system like one long tape.
1. Place the **REMOTE/LOCAL** switch in the **REMOTE** position.
1. If desired, change the setting of the **SPEED** switch.
1. Set the **UNIT DESIGNATE** to the desired unit number.
The last two steps can be performed at any time and in any sequence.
## Paper-Tape Punch Units
As mentioned above, the 220 could support any combination of up to 10 teletype printers and paper-tape punches. The punch operated at 60 characters per second.
![220 High-Speed Paper-Tape Punch](images/PaperTapePunch.png)
The emulator's representation of the punch is very simple. The **REMOTE/LOCAL** switch controls whether the punch is on or off line. The blue **READY** lamp will be lit when the punch is on line. The emulator always initializes the punch in **REMOTE** mode.
The **UNIT DESIGNATE** pull-down list specifies the unit number to which the punch will respond. The list has an additional selection, **OFF**, which effectively places the punch off line.
The emulator's high-speed punch works very similar to the "paper" area of the teletype printer, except that data is output one word per line and the sign digit is output as a decimal digit rather than "+" or "-". Output from the punch can be saved and then used as input to the paper-tape reader. You can resize the punch window as desired and the "paper" area will resize with it.
To save or print the contents of the output "tape," do the same as for the teletype printers -- double-click anywhere in the text of the "paper" area and a new, temporary window will pop up. The text in the area will be moved to that temporary window, from which you can save or print the data. The punch has a capacity of 15,000 lines (words). When output exceeds this limit, the oldest lines will be discarded.
A [script is available](https://github.com/pkimpel/retro-220/blob/master/software/tools/Xlate-Card-PT.wsf) in WSH (Windows Host Script) format that will translate card-image files to alphanumeric paper-tape image format. This script can be used for preparing source files and alphanumeric data in paper-tape format.